So hidden from our eyes, plant roots are colonized by a fungus called arbuscule mycorrhizae.

隐藏在我们的眼，的茎被一种叫做丛枝菌的真菌定殖。

Mycorrhiza fungi help plants share water share nutrients.

菌真菌帮助分享水分，分享营养。

When planting, Damiano says she always dusts root balls with fungi called mycorrhizae.

达米亚诺说，在种时，她总是在球上撒上一种叫做菌的真菌。

Trees that rely on ectomycorrhizal fungi tend to have more carbon.

依赖外生菌真菌的树木通常含碳更多。

We know the oldest trees have the largest mycorrhizal networks with the most connections to other trees, but these connections are incredibly complicated to trace.

我们知道最古老的树具有最大的菌网络，与其他树木的连结最多，但这些连结却很难追踪。

But they also run through the soil and eventually can connect with other trees that forms the mycorrhizal network.

但它们也会在土壤中穿行，最终与其他树木连接，形成菌网络。

Roughly 80 percent of all plant species are associated with these mycorrhizal fungi.

大概 80% 的种与这些菌真菌连接。

But these mycorrhizal fungi do more than trade minerals, water and sugar with their host tree.

但是这些菌真菌所做的不仅仅跟它们的宿主交换矿质、水和糖。

The other type, she tells me, is arbuscular mycorrhizae.

她告诉我们，另一种是丛枝菌。

Mycorrhizal fungi encounter the tips of the roots and either surround or penetrate the outer root cells, depending on the type of fungi.

菌真菌遇到尖，据真菌类型的不同，或包围或穿透外细胞。

They're called mycorrhizal fungi and these fungi live in and around the roots of trees and other plants.

它们被称为菌真菌，这些真菌生活在树木和其他的部及其周围。

Through mycorrhizal networks, fungi can pass resources and signaling molecules between trees.

通过菌网络，真菌可以在树木之间传递资源和信号分子。

And mycorrhizal fungi are efficient little miners.

而菌真菌是高效的小矿工。

Arbuscular mycorrhizae are better at acquiring phosphorus..., and ectomycorrhizae fungi are just better at acquiring nitrogen from soils.

丛枝菌真菌跟擅长从土壤中获取磷，而外生菌真菌则更善于获得氮。

In exchange for all this subterranean service, a tree provides the mycorrhizal fungi with sugar, created through photosynthesis.

为了换取所有这些地服务，一棵树为菌真菌提供了通过光合作用产生的糖分。

This is one of the mysteries of the mycorrhizal networks.

这是菌网络的奥秘之一。

Partnering with these roots are symbiotic fungi called mycorrhizae.

与这些结成伙伴的是称为菌的共生真菌。

And then what about for ecto?

那谁和外生菌真菌呢？

You get some from your arbuscular fungi for about half off, compared with the oak tree next to you, who is trading with ectomycorrhizal fungi.

对比旁边与外生菌真菌交易的橡树，你向丛枝菌真菌用大约半价买来一些氮。

Across the globe, there are two main types of these mycorrhizal fungi that make up the wood wide web.

在全世界范围内，构成这种木维网的菌真菌主要有两种类型。