Eager for profit, their Spanish and English competitors soon joined them.

他们西班牙和英国竞争者也渴望分一杯羹，于是很快就加入了葡萄牙行列。

Yeah. Nanbanjin was what Japanese people called some of the first Portuguese people to ever come to Japan.

好。南蛮是日本对第一批来到日本葡萄牙称呼。

By the late 1400s, contact with the world beyond Europe was transforming the way the Portuguese saw themselves...

到十五世纪后半叶 葡萄牙和外面世界接触使得葡萄牙看待自己方了。

But in February of 1694, the Portuguese captured the capital after a devastating siege.

但在 1694 年 2 月，葡萄牙在毁灭性围攻后占领了首都。

Is seized and carried by force into a Portuguese ship.

被强行带到一艘葡萄牙船上。

And one of the greatest of all Benin's art treasures gives us an insight into the way Benin saw the Portuguese.

这是贝艺术最了不起珍品之一使我们了解了贝是怎样看待葡萄牙。

He went the wrong way and found the Americas instead, leaving India open to the Portuguese.

他走错了方向，反而发现了美洲，从而让印度落入了葡萄牙手中。

The Portuguese had fought an alliance of enemies in the Indian Ocean at Diu in 1509.

葡萄牙在1509年迪乌战役中与印度洋上敌对联盟进行了战斗。

The Portuguese were concerned with other invading imperialists, but regarded Indigenous uprisings and Palmares as their internal threats.

葡萄牙担心其他入侵帝国主义者，但将土著起义和帕尔马雷斯视为他们内部威胁。

Under the government even of the Portuguese, however, those islands are said to have been tolerably well inhabited.

然而，即使在葡萄牙统治下， 这些岛屿据说也有居住。

After the settlements of the Spaniards, that of the Portuguese in Brazil is the oldest of any European nation in America.

在西班牙定居之后，葡萄牙在巴西定居点是美洲最古老欧洲国家。

The Dutch, then, as enemies to the Spaniards, became friends to the Portuguese, who were likewise the enemies of the Spaniards.

荷兰，然后，作为西班牙敌， 成为葡萄牙朋友， 葡萄牙同样是西班牙敌。

But since the Portuguese didn’t have enough people or boats to run the Indian Ocean trade, they had to rely on extortion.

但由于葡萄牙没有足够手或船只来经营印度洋贸易，他们不得不依靠敲诈勒索。

Now, given what we know about the rivalry between Spain and Portugal, why was a Spanish king listening to a Portuguese man?

现在， 鉴于我们知道西班牙和葡萄牙之间竞争，为什么一个西班牙国王会听一个葡萄牙建议？

It's not up to the Spanish Or the Portuguese, how the African rulers in Africa handle the beginnings of the slave trade.

这不由西班牙或葡萄牙决定，非洲统治者如何处理奴隶贸易开端。

The carriage very much resembles the one in which my uncle brought me, when a child, to Paris after he had killed the Portuguese.

这辆马车很像小时候叔叔杀死葡萄牙后带我去巴黎那辆。

The Roman Catholic Church in Sri Lanka traces to the arrival of the Portuguese in the early 1500s and the subsequent influence of Portuguese, Dutch and Irish missionaries.

斯里兰卡罗马天主教堂历史可以追溯到16世纪初葡萄牙到来，以及随后葡萄牙、荷兰和爱尔兰传教士影响。

This was, of course, simply because the Spanish were using a longer ruler to measure the border than the Portuguese were using, an effect that was later dubbed the Richardson Effect.

当然，这仅仅是因为西班牙使用比葡萄牙更长尺子来测量边界，这种效应后来被称为理查森效应。

To merchants, who’d plied the Indian Ocean for years in relative freedom, the Portuguese were just glorified pirates, extracting value from trade without adding to its efficiency or volume.

对于多年来相对自由地在印度洋航行商来说，葡萄牙只是美化海盗， 从贸易中榨取价值而不增加其效率或数量。

And he got lucky because there were some local rulers there that were quite keen to welcome another European power who they thought might protect them from the Portuguese.

他很幸运，因为当地有些统治者非常愿意欢迎另一个他们认为可能保护他们免受葡萄牙侵害欧洲强国。