Because there is no more glucose and the fats are too large to cross the blood-brain barrier, your brain changes modes and begins to use ketone bodies for energy, which are short-chain derivatives of fatty acids.

因为没有更多的葡萄糖，脂肪又太大而不能通过血脑屏障，你的大脑就会改变模式，开始使用酮体作为能量，酮体是脂肪酸的短链衍生物。

The increase and decrease in size of these micro bubbles mechanically opens the blood-brain barrier.

这些微小气泡大小的增加和减小能够机械地打开血脑屏障。

Finally, sometimes the bacteria can even migrate from the bloodstream, and use its toxins to break through the endothelial cells that make up the blood-brain barrier to get into the cerebrospinal fluids or CSF, causing meningitis.

，菌有时可以通过血液循坏进入脑：其释放毒素杀伤血管内皮胞，破坏其构成的血脑屏障，从而进入脑脊液，导致脑膜炎。

So one of the things that makes this microbe so dangerous is its ability to cross the blood brain barrier and that's something that's notoriously tricky to do on purpose, for example, when it comes to delivering medication.

简而言之，学家们利用了这种微生物越血脑屏障的能力，而在输送药物时，血脑屏障可是出了名的棘手。

The second way is hematogenous spread, which is when a pathogen enters the bloodstream and moves through the endothelial cells in the blood vessels making up the blood-brain barrier and gets into the CSF.

第二种方式是血性传播，这是当病原体进入血流并在构成血脑屏障的血管中跨越内皮胞，从而进入脑脊液。

Dr Renslo and his colleagues have therefore been analysing and modifying the chemical structure of aminothiazoles to see if this can enable them to cross the blood-brain barrier.

为此，Renslo博士与其同事已经在分析并尝试修饰氨噻唑的分子结构，以使之能通过血脑屏障。

In Kathy's case, a powerful, experimental chemotherapy drug called doxorubicin, which has been notoriously hard to get past the barrier was delivered directly into her brain.

在史密斯的病例中，本来无法过血脑屏障一种名为阿霉素的强药效，试验性化疗药物现在直接进入脑部。

Aminolevulinic acid, in particular, is the most likely culprit since it could cross the blood brain barrier and affect the central, autonomic, and peripheral nervous systems.

特别是氨基乙酰丙酸，是可能的“嫌疑犯”，因为它可以跨越血脑屏障，影响中枢、自主和外周神经系统。

It's one of the main source of calories for the body, and is able to cross the blood brain barrier and nourish the brain.

它是体能量的主要来源，并且可以通过血脑屏障，为大脑提供能量。

Among other things, they provide electrical insulation, clear up excess neurotransmitters, respond to brain injuries, and form the blood-brain barrier.

除此之外，它们还能提供电绝缘，清除多余的神经递质，对脑损伤做出反应，并形成血脑屏障。

But when the blood-brain barrier is constantly flooded with insulin, it becomes resistant to it by downregulating insulin receptors.

但是，当血脑屏障一直“浸泡”在胰岛素中时，其胰岛素受体就会越发抵抗胰岛素。

Opening the blood-brain barrier allows us to access more of the brain tissue and be able to increase the effectiveness or bioavailability of the therapeutics.

打开血脑屏障能使我们接触到更多的脑组织，并能够提高治疗的有效性或生物可用度。

CSF analysis can also show an elevated protein concentration because the inflammation leads to a more permeable blood brain barrier, or BBB, which is a selective semipermeable barrier between the circulating blood and the central nervous system.

脑脊液检查也可有蛋白含量升高，由于炎症导致介于循环血流和中枢神经系统之间的半透膜屏障，即血脑屏障，通透性升高。

Peripheral dopa decarboxylase also exists, which can metabolize levodopa into dopamine before it gets through the blood brain barrier, and—via additional enzymes— metabolize it into other catecholamines like epinephrine, which can cause unwanted side effects like arrhythmias.

体内还有外周多巴脱羧酶，可以在左旋多巴过血脑屏障前将其转换为多巴胺；然，通过其他酶将其转换为其他儿茶酚胺，如肾上腺素，它可以导致不良的副作用，如心律失常。

Since ammonia is able to diffuse across the blood-brain barrier, it begins to interfere with brain function, causing the characteristic encephalopathy seen as Reye's disease progresses.

而氨能够通过血脑屏障干扰脑的正常功能，导致瑞氏综合征继发性脑病。

According to Washington University Neurosurgery Professor Eric Leuthardt, during the procedure it was discovered the therapy had an unintended effect on the blood-brain barrier.

华盛顿大学神经外教授艾里克·路特哈特表示在治疗过程中他们发现这种治疗手段对血脑屏障产生了一种意想不到的效果。

They inhibit your gut enzymes from working properly, and allow DMT to travel within your blood and eventually cross the blood-brain barrier.

它们可以抑制肠道酶的正常工作，让 DMT 在血液中传播并终过血脑屏障。

And, there are insulin receptors on the blood-brain barrier to get insulin into the brain so it can perform those functions.

这些功能，是由位于血脑屏障上的胰岛素受体将胰岛素送入大脑完成的。

A layer of cells called a blood-brain barrier protects the brain from infection.

一层叫做血脑屏障的胞层能够保护大脑免受感染。

Dopamine itself can't cross the blood-brain barrier, but its precursor levodopa can, and once in the brain, levodopa is converted to dopamine by dopa decarboxylase, most importantly within the remaining nigrostriatal neurons.

多巴胺本身不能通过血脑屏障，但它的前体左旋多巴可以，一旦进入脑中，左旋多巴就会被多巴脱羧酶转换为多巴胺，尤其是在残存的黑质纹状体神经元内。