Instead, they're made up of genetic material enclosed within a protein shell called a capsid.

相反，病由遗传物质组成，被包裹在一种叫做衣壳的蛋白质外壳中。

The capsid is covered by a protein layer called the tegument, and finally enclosed in an envelope, which is a lipid membrane that contains viral glycoproteins and is acquired from the nuclear membrane of host cells.

衣壳上覆盖有一层叫“间层”的蛋白，最外面由一层囊膜包裹；囊膜一层包含病糖蛋白的磷膜，来自于宿主细胞的核膜。

Not necessarily. Many common colds are caused by rhinoviruses that have a geometric protein structure called a capsid instead of a lipid membrane.

未必。很多普通感冒由鼻病引发的，它有一种称为“衣壳”的几何蛋白结构，质膜结构。

Many common colds are caused by rhinoviruses that have a geometric protein structure called a capsid instead of a lipid membrane.

很多普通感冒由鼻病引发的，它有一种称为“衣壳”的几何蛋白结构，质膜结构。

Some virions have a phospholipid membrane derived from the host cell called an envelope, which surrounds the nucleocapsid.

有些病粒子具有来源于宿主细胞的磷膜，称为囊膜；囊膜包绕着核衣壳。

The capsid binds to the nucleus and injects it with viral DNA, where it's copied.

衣壳与细胞核结合并且释放病DNA，在此它可以进行复制。

Human herpesvirus 8 is a large double stranded linear DNA virus surrounded by an icosahedral capsid, which is a spherical protein shell made up of 20 equilateral triangular faces.

人类疱疹病8型种巨大的双链DNA病，其外由一个二十面体的衣壳包围，其衣壳由20个等边三角形组成的球状蛋白壳。

The capsid doesn't have nearly as many weak points where soap amphiphiles can pry it apart, so it takes longer for soap to be effective.

衣壳并没有那么多能让香皂中两亲化合物撬开的破绽，因此香皂需要更长时间才能起作用。

During the endocytosis process, the icosahedral capsid breaks open, allowing the single stranded RNA of Rhinovirus to gain access to the host cell cytoplasm.

在胞吞过程中，二十面体衣壳破裂，使鼻病的单链RNA能够进入宿主细胞的细胞质。

Also, according to their capsid symmetry, the viruses can come in many shapes and sizes.

此外，根据衣壳形态的对称性，病可以有多种形状和大小。

The nucleic acid and the capsid are collectively called a nucleocapsid.

病核酸与衣壳，统称为核衣壳。

West Nile virus is also an " enveloped virus" because the capsid is covered by a lipid membrane.

该病还有包囊的病，因为衣壳外有一层质层。

The viral genes are transcribed into RNA and go over to the ribosomes, where they are translated into capsid proteins.

病的基因被转录为RNA，然后被转运到核糖体，并且在此处被翻译为衣壳蛋白。

I mean, but when a virus, when the nucleocapsid protein of a virus attaches to a cell and injects its DNA, that's the way that it takes over that cell.

我的意思， 当病的核衣壳蛋白附着到一个细胞并注入其DNA时，这就它如何接管那个细胞的方式。

Similar to previous diagnostic assays for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), it has three nucleocapsid gene targets and a positive control target.

与之前对严重急性呼吸系统综合症冠状病 (SARS-CoV) 和中东呼吸系统综合症冠状病 (MERS-CoV) 的诊断分析类似， 它具有三个核衣壳基因靶点和一个阳性对照靶点。

In 1955, American scientists Heinz Frankel-Konrad and Robley-Williams found that viruses can be single strands of the genetic material RNA wrapped in a shell, capsid.

1955年，美国科学家海因茨·弗兰克尔-康拉德和罗布利·威廉姆斯发现，病可以包裹在壳体（即衣壳）内的单链遗传物质RNA。

They are naked viruses, about 30 nanometers in diameter, and they're surrounded by an icosahedral capsid, which is a spherical protein shell made up of 20 equilateral triangular faces.

它们直径约30纳米的裸露病，被二十面体衣壳包围；二十面体衣壳由20个等边三角形面组成的球形蛋白质壳。

One solution to the delivery problem, proposed by Aera Therapeutics of Cambridge, Massachusetts, is a capsid, a nanoparticle with a protein shell.

马萨诸塞州剑桥的 Aera Therapeutics 公司提出的一种解决输送问题的方法就使用衣壳，即带有蛋白质外壳的纳米颗粒。

It gets into all of these cells by fusing its membrane with the cell membrane and releasing the capsid inside the cell.

病的包膜可以与细胞膜融合，从进入细胞，然后在细胞中释放衣壳。

Yeah. Um, specifically we'll be exploring, you know, a unique family known as capsid-forming phage-inducible chromosomal islands.

的。具体来说，我们将探索一个独特的家族，被称为衣壳形成噬菌体诱导染色体岛 (capsid-forming phage-inducible chromosomal islands)。