Decades of overgrazing, climate change-induced droughts, and poor farming practices are stripping not only the Sudanian grasslands of their once fertile topsoil but hundreds of other regions like it across the world.

几十年的过度放牧、气候变化引发的干旱和不良的耕作方式，不仅使苏丹草原去了曾经肥沃的土，也使世界上其他数百个类似的去了土。

The island is lush with greenery again, regrowing after decades of topsoil mining.

经过几十年的土开采，岛上又重新覆盖了郁郁葱葱的植被。

Therefore, loss of topsoil from overgrazing, over-cultivation, or bad livestock management in areas neighbouring deserts will contribute to the continuing expansion of those arid regions.

因此，在邻近沙漠的，过度放牧、过度耕作或糟糕的牲畜管理导致土流，将导致这些干旱的持续扩张。

As settlers cleared land to create the great farms of the American Midwest, more and more valuable topsoil eroded into the Mississippi.

随着定居者开垦土，建造美国中西部的大农场，越来越多宝贵的土被侵蚀密西西比河。

So, the landfill changed its routine, keeping the topsoil in place until just before the trash is dumped, greatly reducing methane emissions.

那么，这个垃圾填埋场一改常规，垃圾倾倒之前，不进行土剥离，这种做法大大减少了甲烷的排放。

So, you're seeing at the topsoil, you have the water table, the different layers underneath the ground.

大家可以看到土，下水位，还有下不同的分。

That builds topsoil and prevents flooding.

这会形土，防止洪水。

Half of the country is covered by what's called the Canadian Shield — a huge area of exposed rock with only a tiny layer of topsoil where farming is effectively impossible and winter temperatures are severely cold.

加拿大一半的国土被所谓的加拿大盾覆盖——这是一大片裸露的岩石，只有一土，在那里几乎不可能耕作，冬季气温非常寒冷。

As a result, the land across the Shield today consists mostly of exposed jagged bedrock with at best only a very thin layer of topsoil above it which makes it all largely useless to carry out any large-scale agriculture in.

因此，今天横跨盾的土主要由裸露的嶙峋基岩组，上面充其量只有一很薄的土，这使得它基本上无法进行任何大规模的农业生产。

Then it's important to aerate the topsoil and leave it loosely packed on the surface.

然后重要的是给土充气并使其松散堆积在面上。

It took four and a half billion years to create the topsoil.

创造土耗费了四十五亿年之久。

And so we have, you know, when we have a cliff fall by the sea, we can see, you know, the thick, thick, thick layers of chalk and then the thin, tiny layer of topsoil.

所以，当我们看到海边悬崖崩塌时，就能看到厚厚的、厚厚的、厚厚的白垩，以及上面一薄薄的、的土。

It's perilous and foolhardy for the average citizen to remain ignorant about global warming, say, or ozone depletion, air pollution, toxic and radioactive waste, acid rain, topsoil erosion, tropical deforestation, exponential population growth.

普通民众若对全球变暖、臭氧损耗、空气污染、有毒及放射性废物、酸雨、土流、热带雨林砍伐以及人口指数级增长等问题一无所知，是极其危险且不明智的。

And Jackson knows that the way that most crops are grown around the world today is stripping the earth of the fertile topsoil we need to feed future generations.

杰克逊知道，当今世界上大多数农作物的种植方式正在剥夺我们养活子孙后代所需的肥沃土。

Wild, erratic, twisting gales that ripped the village to shreds, tearing off the topsoil that had been broken and fertilized.

狂野、无序、盘旋的狂风席卷村庄，将其撕碎片， 连那已被翻耕施肥的土也被无情剥离。

While arid regions may get the same amount of rain, it now comes in torrents, washing away the topsoil.

虽然干旱可能会有同样多的雨水，但现在雨水倾盆而下， 冲走了土。

Below the A horizon are layers of basically all the extras from the topsoil.

A 以下是土基本上 所有的附加物。

We endured pelting rainstorms that washed away our topsoil.

我们忍受着暴风雨的袭击, 冲走了我们的土。

(professor) Good, not only plants, microorganisms, fungi, and later on, animals like worms, all helped build up a layer of topsoil on the land, which, of course, encouraged more plant life.

很好，不仅植物，微生物、真菌，以及后来像蚯蚓这样的动物，都帮助在形了一土，这当然促进了更多的植物生长。

The new landowners are not planning to import new topsoil to make their African acquisitions more arable.

新的土所有者不打算进口新的土来使他们在非洲收购的土壤更可耕种。