Closely related to derivation is the process of conversion, which also yields a new lexeme.

与派生密切相关的是转类过程，它也产生一个新的词位。

For example, if the subject in English is a singular third person pronoun or noun, and the tense is present, then an inflectional affix -s is attached if a verbal lexeme is like.

例如，如果英语中的主语是数第三人称代词或名词，并且时态是现在时，那么如果动词词位是like，就会附加屈折词缀-s。

So far, we have seen that many words (word forms and lexemes) consist of more than one morpheme.

前为止，我已经看词（词形和词位）由个语素组成。

Obviously, inflection does not change the meaning of the base lexeme, nor does it change its category.

显然，屈折不改变基础词位的意义，也不改变其词类。

The two word forms of the verbal lexeme LIKE, liked and likes are still verbs, and they are semantically identical.

动词词位LIKE的两个词形liked和likes仍然是动词，它在语义上是相同的。

Thirdly, inflection never changes the category of the base lexeme, while derivation often involves the shifting of the category.

第三，屈折从不改变基础词位的词类，而派生通常涉及词类的转换。

Finally, inflection never changes the meaning of the base lexeme, while a word formed via derivation can be semantically different from the base lexeme.

最后，屈折从不改变基础词位的意义，而通过派生形成的词在语义上可能与基础词位不同。

The meaning of some compounds is transparent, which seems to be the composition of the semantic components of the sub-lexemes, just like the composition of the meaning of words in a phrase.

一些复合词的意义是透明的，看起来像是子词位的语义成分的组合，就像短语中词的意义组合一样。

Most of the above derivational processes involve the change of the category of the base lexeme, and thus this process is also called categorisation.

上述大数派生过程涉及基础词位的类别变化，因此这个过程也被称为词类化。

Blending is another way of forming a new lexeme, which is a process of combining parts of two lexemes which themselves are not morphemes.

混合是另一种形成新词位的方式，它是一个组合两个词位部分的过程，这些部分本身不是语素。

In addition to the aforementioned strategies, there are some less common processes that can bring forth new lexemes in a language.

除了前述策略外，还有一些不太常见的过程可以在语言中产生新的词位。

For example, when the verb construct is combined with the suffix -ion, a new word (or, more precisely, a new lexeme), construction is formed.

例如，当动词construct与后缀-ion结合时，就形成了一个新词（或更准确地说，一个新的词位）construction。

It should be noted that many categorisers are semantically vacuous, the only function of which is to change the category of the base lexeme.

值得注意的是，词类标记在语义上是空的，其唯一的功能是改变基础词位的词类。

In addition, a new lexeme can also be derived from another lexeme of the same category.

此外，也可以从同一类别的另一个词位派生出新的词位。

Different from the subcomponents of socialise, both parts are lexemes and no affix is involved in the formation of blackmail.

与socialise的子成分不同，blackmail的两部分都是词位，没有任何词缀参与其形成过程。

Compared with derivation, which also involves the combination of a lexeme and an affix, inflection has some special properties.

与派生相比，屈折也涉及词位和词缀的结合，但屈折有一些特殊属性。

The nominal categoriser, -er, for example, not only provides a nominal categorial feature to a verbal lexeme, but also provides concrete semantic information, often denoting an agent who originates the event denoted by the verb.

例如，名词词类标记-er不仅为动词词位提供名词性词类特征，而且还提供具体的语义信息，通常表示发起动词所表示事件的代理人。

Often, derivation involves the change of the category (part of speech) of the existing lexeme.

通常，派生涉及现有词位的类别（词性）的变化。

The formation of this word, however, does not change the category of the base lexeme, as both child and childhood are nouns.

然而，这个词的形成并没有改变基础词位的词类，因为child和childhood都是名词。

Synthetic compounds are of this type: as we have introduced above, the first sub-lexeme is taken as the patient of the verbal lexeme.

合成性复合词就是这样的类型：正如我上面介绍的，第一个子词位被视为动词词位的受事。