Because there is no more glucose and the fats are too large to cross the blood-brain barrier, your brain changes modes and begins to use ketone bodies for energy, which are short-chain derivatives of fatty acids.

因为没有更多的葡萄糖，脂肪又太大而不能通过血脑屏障，你的大脑就会改变模式，开始使用酮体作为能量，酮体是脂肪酸的短链衍生物。

So during prolonged fasting or any kind of food deprivation situations, our body produces ketone bodies and these have been proposed to suppress appetite.

在长时间禁食或任何食物匮乏的情况下，我们的身体会产生酮体，这被认为是抑制食欲的。

Interestingly, both ketone bodies break down into acetone and escape as a gas by getting breathed out the lungs which gives a sweet fruity smell to a person's breath.

有趣的是，两酮体都会分解成丙酮，之后以气体形态随着肺部呼吸排出，会使患者的口气有果似的甜味。

Some research suggest that our bodies can adapt to other energy sources like ketone bodies and be less reliant on carbs.

研究表明，我们的身体可以适能量来源，如酮体，减少对碳化合物的依赖。

You also have to know a little bit about ketosis because this is one of the goals of the coffee.

你还必须对酮症有点了解，因为这是咖啡的目标之（防弹咖啡减肥法会促进脂肪分解，产生大量酮体）。

However, the Alzheimer's brain has no problem using ketones for energy.

然而，老年痴呆症患者大脑将酮体作为能量来源却没有任何问题。

These ketone bodies are important because they can be used by cells for energy, but they also increase the acidity of the blood, which is why it's called keto-acid-osis.

这酮体很重要，可被细胞用来获取能量，但们也会增加血液酸性，所以才叫作酮症酸中毒。

As this 1986 paper reveals, " ketone bodies could account for as much as 25% of the neonate's basal energy requirements in the first several days of life."

正如这篇 1986 年的论文所揭示的，“新生儿最初几天的基本能量需求中，酮体可能占到 25%。”

After that happens, the liver turns the fatty acids into ketone bodies, like acetoacetic acid and beta hydroxybutyric acid; acetoacetic acid is a ketoacid because it has a ketone group and a carboxylic acid group.

此后，肝把脂肪酸转化成酮体，比如乙酰乙酸、β-羟基丁酸；乙酰乙酸是酮酸，因为它有酮基团和羧酸基团。

Beta hydroxybutyric acid on the other hand, even though it's still one of the ketone bodies, isn't technically a ketoacid since its ketone group has been reduced to a hydroxyl group.

而β-羟基丁酸虽说也是酮体，但却不是酮酸，因为它的酮基团被还原成了羟基。

And it has been shown that ketones can provide up to 60% of the energy requirements for an adult brain.

研究表明，酮体可以提供人体大脑所需能量的 60%。

Very simply put, ketones are a source of energy naturally produced in the body from fat when dietary carbohydrate is restricted enough.

简而言之，当人体碳化合物摄入受限时酮体——人体内脂肪的代谢产物——便自然而然地成了大脑能量的新来源。

Not only that, as he shows here, the Alzheimer's brain actually uptakes ketones better than controls.

不仅如此，正如在这里所展示的与对照组相比，老年痴呆症患者大脑摄取酮体的数量要更多。

By analyzing the villi that provide contact with the mother's blood to the fetal membrane, Muneta deduced that the fetus must be living in an environment of elevated ketones from the start of pregnancy.

通过分析在母体血液和胎膜之间起着纽带作用的绒毛，Muneta 推导出，在母体受孕之，初胎儿便生活在个酮体平较高的环境中。

Unless you're a keto and ketogenic adapted, you need carbohydrate is glucose.

除非你是酮体适者，否则你需要碳化合物，即葡萄糖。

So it's a preferential energy source, moves above ketones, carbs, everything.

因此，它是优先的能量来源，优于酮体、碳化合物等切。

Bicarb, ketones, all these sort of things.

小苏打，酮体，所有这之类的东西。

I wish I knew the answer offhand, but I know that ketones, exogenous ketones, for instance, I mean, there are many different types, ketones, salts, ketones, monoesters, diesters, etc., but have been developed to protect divers, specifically military divers from oxygen toxicity.

我无法立即给出答案，但我知道酮体，比如外源性酮体，类繁多，有酮盐、单酯酮、二酯酮等，这酮体已被研发出来，旨在保护潜员，特别是军事潜员，免受氧中毒之害。

Some of that acetone leaves your body when you exhale, and people with too many ketone bodies may even have a " fruity" smell to their breath from breathing out so much acetone.

丙酮会在你呼气时离开身体，而酮体过多的人可能会因为呼出大量丙酮而导致呼吸带有“果味” 。

So I was looking at things like electric brain stimulation and taking ketones and doing various sort of advanced protocols to enhance my ability to push harder.

因此，我开始关注诸如电刺激大脑、摄入酮体以及采用各高级训练方案，以提升自己突破极限的能力。