These sets of vectorish things, like arrows or lists of numbers or functions, are called vector spaces.

这些向量的集合 如箭头 字列表或函 为向量空间。

What we now call functions mathematical functions, which are Continuous that is that are not formed out of a discrete sets like the counting numbers for instance Newton there were already

我们现在之为函的学函，它们是连续的， 也就是说，它们不是由像计字那样的离散集合构成的。 举例来说，在牛顿的时代， 已经存在一些方法来解决涉及诸如求的面积和的切等问题， 但这些方法仅适用于某些特定且有限的类型。

The function that answers it is called " n choose 4" which by definition  counts the number of quadruplets from a set of size N and the way to calculate it is similar  to what we saw before.

解答这个问题的函叫做“n选4”，根据定义，它计算的是从大小为N的集合中选取四个元素的方法，其计算方式与我们之前看到的类似。