Finally, medications like denosumab, which is a monoclonal antibody that inhibits osteoclasts, and raloxifene, which is a selective estrogen receptor modulator, can be used for postmenopausal osteoporosis.

最后，地诺单抗等药物作为单克隆抗体可抑制破骨细胞；雷洛昔芬，一种有选择性雌激素受体调节器，可以被用于绝经后骨质疏松。

Pituitary FSH makes the follicles grow and the granulosa cells produce more estrogen.

垂体生成FSH泡生长，并且颗粒细胞生成更多雌激素。

Lust is driven by the hormones oestrogen in women, and testosterone in men. A few people are asexual, meaning they don't feel sexual attraction for anyone of any gender.

欲望是由女性体内雌激素和男性体内睾酮驱动。少数人是无性恋，这意味着他们对任何性别人都没有性吸引力。

You're kidding. You've got lotions and bath oils and soaps. that's the estrogen hat trick.

开玩笑吧。这里有身体乳液，沐浴精油，香皂，简直是雌激素子戏法。

But once women reach menopause, their estrogen levels drop, and HDL becomes less protective.

而一进入更年期，女性雌激素水平就会下降，高密度脂蛋白保护作用就会减弱。

Because I've got estrogen, George. Because of all the estrogen.

因为我雌激素分泌旺盛，George，都是因为雌激素事。

Women are typically more at risk than men, because estrogen increases cholesterol stone formation, which is also why use of oral contraceptive pills that contain estrogen increase the risk of cholesterol stones.

相较于男性，通常女性更易患胆系，因为雌激素会促进胆固形成，这也是为什么用含雌激素口服避孕药会增加女性患胆固风险。

This new treatment strategy applies mostly to women older than 50, who are usually past menopause, when levels of estrogen, which feeds breast tumors, start to drop.

这种新治疗方案主要适用于50岁以上，通常已经过了更年期女性患者，因为这一年龄段女性体内，乳腺肿瘤所依赖雌激素水平已经开始下降了。

Though there are different causes which result in different levels of gonadotropin hormones, they all ultimately result in hypogonadism and a deficiency in testosterone or estrogen and progesterone.

尽管青春期延迟病因很多，会导致促性腺激素水平各不相同，但最终果都是性腺功能减退以及男性睾酮或女性雌激素和孕酮缺乏。

So the thing with BPA is that it mimics estrogen in the body, which is not something you want to keep adding through your diet.

双酚A会模仿人体内雌激素，但你并不希望通过饮食不断摄入这些东西。

The damaged follicle now slows its estrogen production while morphing into a different structure, called the corpus luteum, which eventually degenerates.

受损泡现在减缓了雌激素产生，同时变形成不同构，称为黄体，最终退化。

I'm still a surgeon. I'm just a surgeon with an excess of estrogen.

我还是个外科医生。我不过就是个雌激素分泌过多外科医生。

In fact, each additional x chromosome increases the estrogen to testosterone ratio, making the changes even more striking.

事实上，每多一条X染色体，雌激素与睾酮比值就会变大一些，Klinefelter综合征病征也会更明显一些。

It may be like all the extra estrogen in the urine that helped the grain to sprout.

可能是尿液中所有多余雌激素能促谷粒发芽。

Women are especially at risk because of the way alcohol reacts with the female sex hormone estrogen.

酒精与女性激素雌激素产生反应方式女性面临风险更高。

The type of treatment depends on the type of cancer and whether the tumors driven by estrogen.

治疗类型取决于癌症类型，以及肿瘤是否受雌激素驱动。

But there are other important lipids, like cholesterol, which is the precursor to things like testosterone and estrogen and, of course, phospholipids, which form the cell membrane in every single one of the three-dozen-or-so-trillion cells you have.

但是还有其他重要脂质，比如胆固，它是睾酮和雌激素前体，当然还有磷脂，它们在你拥有 36 个或大约万亿个细胞中每一个细胞中形成细胞膜。

Regardless of the cause, the result is a decrease or absence of testosterone in males, or estrogen and progesterone in females, which means there's no negative feedback on the hypothalamus.

不论病因是什么，其造成果是男性睾酮减少或缺失，或女性雌激素和孕酮减少或缺失，这同时也意味着下丘脑负反馈机制消失。

Factors that accelerate bone mass loss and increase the risk of osteoporosis are low estrogen levels, like after menopause, and low serum calcium.

加剧骨量流失和增加骨质疏松风险因素有：绝经后较低雌激素水平，以及较低血清钙水平。

So early in the follicular phase, a small rise in FSH, leads to a large increase in estrogen.

在泡期早期，FSH量小幅升高，引起雌激素大量增加。