The target cells and their receptors also move around, so the researchers think the fibers' movement could increase the chance that they'll collide with a receptor.

于靶胞和它们受体也在运动，因此研究人员认为纤维运动可能会增加它们与受体结合机会。

Since the liver cells seem to be the main cells targeted in Reye's disease, the liver becomes one of the main organs affected.

于肝胞是瑞氏综合征靶胞，所以肝脏成为了主要受累器官。

NK cells kill their target cells by releasing cytotoxic granules in their cytoplasm directly into the target cell.

NK胞通过释放胞质内胞毒颗粒直接进入靶胞内，来杀死靶胞。

So target cells for those kinds of hormones have receptors for them on the outside of their membranes.

所以这些激素靶胞在膜外面有受体。

These granules contain some molecules that punch holes in the target cell's membrane by binding by binding directly to the phospholipids and creating pores. and some that cause target cells to undergo apoptosis, which is a programmed cell death.

这些颗粒内含一些能在靶胞膜上打孔分子，它们直接与磷脂结合，然后穿孔；还有一些能够导致靶胞凋亡，即程序性胞死亡。

Either way, when a target cell is activated, the hormone alters its activity, by either increasing or decreasing some of its functions — usually with the goal of maintaining your body's homeostasis in one way or another.

不管怎，当一个靶胞被激活时，激素就会改变它活性，通过增加或减少它一些功能——通常目是以这或那式维持你身体体内平衡。

So, just like some keys can open many locks, while others only work with one, so too can the hormone-target-cell relationship either be widespread or localized.

所以，就像一些钥匙可以打开许多锁，而另一些钥匙只能用一把锁一，激素-靶胞关也可以是广泛或局部。

Like steroids, thyroid hormone is lipid-soluble, so it crosses the membrane of its target cell to bind inside the nucleus.

像类固醇一，甲状腺激素是脂溶性，所以它穿过靶胞膜与胞核结合。

So how do hormones bind to their target cells?

那么激素是如何与靶胞结合呢？

The CRH makes the very short trip through the bloodstream to the anterior pituitary gland, where, because it's water soluble, it binds to receptors on the outside of its target cells.

CRH 通过血液很短行程到达垂体前叶，在那里，因为它是水溶性，它与靶胞外部受体结合。

Lipid-soluble hormones, on the other hand, can just basically glide right through that cell membrane, so their receptor sites are inside their target cells.

另一面，脂溶性荷尔蒙可以直接穿过胞膜，所以它们受体位于靶胞内。

CAR-T cells, and also CAR-NK cells, they kill mainly through what's called CAR-dependent cytotoxicity.

CAR-T胞以及CAR-NK胞主要通过所谓CAR依赖性胞毒性来杀伤靶胞。

In this case it's going to target cells in the liver and it's going to make them release glucose from glycogen.

在这种情况下，它将作用于肝脏中靶胞，促使它们从糖原中释放葡萄糖。

Because of the specificity of hormone and target cell, the effects produced by a single hormone may vary among different kinds of target cells.

于激素和靶胞特异性，单一激素对不同类型靶胞产生作用可能不同。

But key effector molecules, the things T cells use to kill target cells, like granzyme B, GZMB, and perforin, were significantly enriched in these HMW aggregates.

然而，关键效应分子——T胞用于杀伤靶胞物质，如粒酶B（GZMB）和穿孔素，在这些高分子量聚集体中显着富集。

They use proteins, perforna and granzyme, to punch holes in the target cell.

它们利用蛋白质、穿孔素和颗粒酶在靶胞上打孔。

Hormones activate target cells by one of two methods, depending upon the chemical nature of the hormone.

根据激素化学性质，激素通过两种法之一激活靶胞。

They are well-known, powerful signals that promote NK cell survival, proliferation, making more NK cells, and importantly, their activation and cytotoxic function, their ability to kill target cells.

它们是众所周知强效信号，可促进NK胞存活和增殖，产生更多NK胞，并且尤为重要是，能够激活NK胞并增强其胞毒性功能，即杀伤靶胞能力。

Lipid-soluble hormones (steroid hormones and hormones of the thyroid gland) diffuse through the cell membranes of target cells.

脂溶性激素(类固醇激素和甲状腺激素)经扩散通过靶胞胞膜。

A hormone is a chemical messenger produced by a cell that effects specific change in the cellular activity of target cells.

激素是胞产生一种化学信使，它能引起靶胞活动特定变化。