The problem is excessive drinking and the lives it destroys.

问题是过度饮酒及其毁掉的生。

On the other hand, those who drink excessively for a long time may develop liver damage, which has the opposite effect.

另外，长期过度饮酒的人，肝脏可能会受损，从而产生反效果。

There is a corner of the churchyard where the grass grows long, and where the suicides, drunks, unbaptized babies and other supposed criminals are laid.

是一个杂草丛生的墓地角落，埋葬着那些自杀的人，饮酒过度的人，没有施过洗的婴儿，有其他被有罪的人。

Why not do the decent thing and pull the trigger and everybody will assume it was just a case of too much wild drinking?

什么不做体面的事情并扣动扳机， 每个人都会只是一个过度饮酒的情况？

When experts talk about the dire health consequences linked to excessive alcohol use, people often assume that it's directed at individuals who have an alcohol use disorder.

当专家谈论与过度饮酒相关的可怕健康后果时，人们常常是针对患有酒精使用障碍的人。

But it's also a very expensive problem for all of us. And, as you noted in your opening, we estimate the economic cost of excessive drinking at about $224 billion a year.

但对我们所有人来说，也是一个代价高昂的问题。而且，正如您在开场白中指出的那样，我们估计每年过度饮酒的经济成本约 2240 亿美元。

So, from a public health perspective, policies that relate to the price and the availability of alcohol are among those that we think can be most impactful in reducing excessive alcohol consumption.

因此，从公共卫生的角度来看，与酒精价格和供应相关的政策是我们对减少过度饮酒最有效的政策之一。

The estimates that we reported in our study, which, again, are deaths that are attributable to excessive alcohol use, are calculated in a variety of different ways, but part of that calculation does involve self-reports of alcohol consumption by individuals.

我们在研究中报告的估计数，同样是过度饮酒导致的死亡，是通过各种不同的方式计算的，但部分计算确实涉及个人对酒精消费的自我报告。