Myelin is a fatty sheath that insulates an axon, preventing electrical currents from leaking out.

髓质是一种脂肪，它把轴突隔绝起来，以波泄漏。

But speeds can be boosted with myelination and increased axon diameter.

但是速度可以因髓化和增加轴突直径而得到提升。

They can travel more quickly if the nerve is covered in myelin.

如果经被髓覆盖，它们可以更快地移动。

This myelin is produced by oligodendrocytes, which are a group of cells that support neurons.

髓由支持经元的少突胶质细胞形成。

As you repeat an action, a fatty tissue called myelin covers the axons of your neurons.

当你重复一动作时，一种叫做髓的脂肪组织覆盖在经元的轴突上。

Myelin acts like insulation, just like on an electrical wire that helps the impulse travel more quickly.

髓就像绝缘体，就像线一样，帮助脉冲更快地传播。

The demyelination happens in patches along the length of the axon, so it's called segmental demyelination.

因为轴突上只发生局限性的脱髓，因此又称为节段性脱髓。

Absence of myelin sheath means that the nerve impulses become slow and sluggish.

失去髓，经冲动传导会变得迟缓。

The axons are intermittently wrapped in a fatty substance called myelin.

轴突的某些位置可有髓在外包绕。

Schwannian stroma is a connective tissue from non-neuronal cells that forms myelin, which insulates the axons of the mature neurons.

Schwannian基质是一种来源于非经元细胞的结缔组织，可形成髓，使成熟经元的轴突绝缘。

The speed at which these thoughts occur is mostly consistent, with variations based on myelination and axon diameter.

这些思维的产生速度大体上是一致的，其间的区别主要基于髓化和轴突直径。

In particular, as you reach old age, the myelin sheath covering your axons wears down, and other neuronal structures degrade.

特别是，当你年纪大了以，包裹轴突的髓质会发生磨损，其它的经元结构也会衰退。

Without myelin this signal propagation is very slow and inefficient.

如果没有髓，信号传播会非常缓慢且低效。

Myelin is extremely important to neurons, because it helps to allow an action potential to propagate much faster.

髓对于经元十分重要，因为它可以极大地加速动作位的传播。

Surrounding the axon is a myelin sheath, which is actually just insulation.

轴突周围是髓，实际上只是绝缘层。

When you learn something, you have to thicken up your myelin and your neurons.

当你学习东西时，你需要增厚你的髓和经元。

So that specific, it's a myelin sheath, right?

所以那特定的部分是髓，对吧？

Alzheimer's has to do with the myelin in the human brain.

阿尔茨海默病与人类大脑中的髓有关。

And in the case of multiple sclerosis, it's destroying the myelin sheath.

在多发性硬化症的情况下，它正在破坏髓。

Myelin coats nerve cells and helps electrical signals travel.

髓包裹着经细胞，有助于信号的传导。