Just consider the centrality of the disputation in scholastic culture, a live debating format that was imitated in such texts as Aquinas' Summa Theologiae.
It's sometimes credited to St. Thomas Aquinas, and it's this idea that an act that—that can cause harm, but if your intention is to do good, then that's ethical.
He contends that their shortcomings are endemic to modern economics, which Muller calls post-scholastic economics, and can be repaired by reverting to the writings of St. Augustine and St. Thomas Aquinas.