IP Switches greatly expand the number of segments while restring the flattened topologies of bridged environments, thus multiplying the opportunities for broadcast storms.
In terms of legal-philosophy, the IP system aberrancy of China can find a root in the dominance of nationalism, analytical-positivism law and instrumentalism in legal culture and mentality.
Based on the server-based optical network architecture, the dual fiber link and IP calking for Optical Burst Switching (OBS) are proposed to abate the restriction of optical devices.