In children and teens, the most common causes are Neisseria meningitidis and Streptococcus pneumoniae.

在儿童和青少年中，最常见病膜炎奈瑟菌和肺炎链球菌。

The major genera with the largest representation in the oral cavities include: streptococcus, prevotella, haemophilus, rothia, veillonella, neisseria, fusobacterium, and porphyromonas.

口腔中的微物主要包括以下几个大属：链球菌属、普菌属、嗜血杆菌属、罗菌属、韦荣球菌属、奈瑟菌属、梭杆菌属与卟啉单胞菌属。

Prophylactic antibiotics can also be administered, to avoid outbreaks of bacterial meningitis like in households where individuals haven't been vaccinated against Neisseria meningitidis.

预防性抗可以被给药，以避免细菌性膜炎发作，比如在有家属还没有接种膜炎奈瑟菌疫苗的家庭中。

Having an absent or non-functional spleen means a person is susceptible to encapsulated bacteria - like Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Neisseria meningitidis, and Salmonella species - since encapsulated bacteria are normally opsonized and then phagocytized by macrophages in the spleen.

无脾或脾功能丧失使人容易感染荚膜菌，例如肺炎链球菌、流感嗜血杆菌、膜炎奈瑟菌与沙门菌，为荚膜菌通常被脾脏中的巨噬细胞调理并吞噬。