The fingers are flexed at the interphalangeal joints and can't abduct or adduct.

指间关节屈曲，手指无法外展。

Adducts are products that are made when two or more molecules come together.

加合物是当两个或多个分子一起时产生的产物。

So an injury to the ulnar nerve causes a loss of movement of the little finger and the inability to abduct or adduct all 4 fingers.

所以尺神经受损会导致小指运动障碍及四指外展障碍。

So, when Claire does jumping jacks, she's using those pectorals in her chest and latissimus dorsi on her back to adduct her arms back down to her sides.

所以，当克莱尔做开合跳时，她用胸部的胸肌和背部的背阔肌来将手臂向两侧。

They also tested the effects of CA and CGA alone and compared them to a control group of macrophages not exposed to the polyphenols or the Cys adducts.

他们还单独测试了 CA 和 CGA 的作用，并将它们与未暴露于多酚或 Cys 加合物的巨噬细胞对照组进行了比较。

Similarly, the ulnar nerve supplies the hypothenar muscles which control the little finger, the interossei muscles which abduct and adduct the fingers, meaning to spread or bring them together.

同样，尺神经支配小鱼际肌，控制小指运动，并支配骨间肌控制手指外展，即伸展或拢手指。

Macrophage cells exposed to polyphenols on their own, for instance, showed more than 2.5 times as much TNF activity as they did in the face of a polyphenols-cysteine adduct.

例如，暴露于多酚的巨噬细胞表现出的 TNF 活性是其暴露于多酚-半胱氨酸加合物时的 2.5 倍以上。

In this case, the amino acid cysteine (Cys) – found in milk products – was combined with the polyphenols CA and CGA – found in coffee – to make the adducts CA–Cys and CGA–Cys.

这种情况下，奶制品的氨基酸半胱氨酸（Cys）与咖啡的CA和CGA结合，形成加合物 CA–Cys 和 CGA–Cys。