It's a polymerized alkene, but the molecule itself is an alkane.

它是聚合， 但分子本身是烷。

If they've got a double bond, we call them alkenes, and those with triple bonds are alkynes.

如果它们有双键，我们称它们为，而那些有三键的是炔。

They can be alkanes or alkenes, sometimes, even rarely, alkynes.

它们可以是烷，有时甚至很少是炔。

All the other naming rules apply to alkenes and alkynes too.

所有其他命名规则也适用于和炔。

Now, the bonds in alkenes have a few tricks up their sleeves.

现在，中的键有一些秘密。

Alkenes can be made into alkanes and alkynes can become either alkenes or alkanes depending on how many atoms are added.

可以变成烷，炔可以变成烷，具体取决于添加的原子数。

There's only one letter changing here: A in alkanes changes to E for alkenes and then to Y for alkynes.

这里只有一个字母发生变：烷中的 A 变为中的 E，然后变为炔中的 Y。

Well we know that they're unsaturated alkenes because saturated fats don't have double bonds, and thus, can't have cis- and trans- isomers.

我们知道它们是不饱和， 因为饱和脂肪没有双键，因此不会有顺式和反式异构体。

You also learned a little bit about cis-trans isomerism and learned a few important reactions of alkenes and alkynes such as hydrogenation, halogenation, and polymerization.

您还了解了一些顺反异构现象，并了解了和炔的一些重要反应，例如氢、卤和聚合。

Then, a little chemistry knocked the acid off, creating what was clearly an alkene, so they named it benzene, because it was an alkene that was from the benzoin resin.

然后，用一点学方法将酸分解， 产生明显是的物质， 因此他们将其命名为苯，因为它是一种来自安息香树脂的。

So three words representing three different groups of organic compounds: alkanes for all single bonds, alkenes if they contain double bonds, and alkynes if they contain one or more triple bonds.

所以三个词代表三组不同的有机合物：所有单键的烷，含有双键的，含有一个多个三键的炔。

That may not sound like a big deal at first, but alkenes and alkynes don't have that kind of freedom, and that simple fact has a huge affect on their properties.

乍一听这可能没什么大不了的，但和炔没有那种自由度， 而这个简单的事实对它们的性质有巨大影响。

Just to note to avoid confusion: polyethylene has that " -ene" sound in it, right, but it's not an alkene because all those double bonds get broken to form new sigma bonds.

请注意以避免混淆：聚乙中有“-ene” 的发音，对吧，但它不是，因为所有这些双键都会断裂形成新的 sigma 键。

If you paid attention, you learned that hydrocarbons with double bonds are called alkenes and those with triple bonds are called alkynes and that the naming rules are the same as for alkanes.

如果你注意的话，你会发现带有双键的碳氢合物称为， 带有三键的碳氢合物称为炔， 并且命名规则与烷相同。