We haven't identified which receptors recognize the anion, or negatively charged ion, in a salt.

我们尚未确定哪些受体识别盐中离子或带负电离子。

We got something! A huge release of anions.

有了 大量负离子释放。

Yes. High levels of polyatomic anions released in the atmosphere.

大量多原子负离子释放进了大气中。

And this became an anion, because it's negative.

这变成了一个离子，因为它是负。

They have a wide anion gap acidosis.

严重离子间隙增高性酸中毒。

But they're really just positively-charged cations — like calcium, sodium, and potassium — and negatively-charged anions, like phosphate, sulfate, and bicarbonate.

但它们实际上只是带正电阳离子——比如钙、钠和钾——和带负电离子，比如磷酸盐、硫酸盐和碳酸氢盐。

As a rule, all anions that end in " -ate" form acids that end with " -ic" .

通常，所有以“-ate” 结尾离子都会形成以“-ic” 结尾酸。

So, HClO is hypochlorous acid, and likewise, it's anion, ClO minus, is hypochlorite.

因此，HClO 是次氯酸， 同样，它离子， ClO minus， 是次氯酸盐。

So HClO4 is perchloric acid and it dissociates into an anion called perchlorate.

所以 HClO4 是高氯酸， 它会分解成一种叫做高氯酸盐离子。

As oxygen becomes pressurized, it forms large amounts of superoxide anion (O2) and peroxide (H2O2), which are highly toxic to living cells.

当氧气被施加压力时，会形成大量超氧离子和过氧化物，这些对活细胞有剧毒。

Cations are positively charged and anions are negatively charged.

阳离子带正电， 离子带负电。

And don't just think that there's one anion and one cation.

不要只是认为只有一种离子和一种阳离子。

So cations only react with anions to form new compounds.

所以阳离子只与离子反应形成新化合物。

But how do we know which ions are cations and which are anions?

但是我们怎么知道哪些离子是阳离子哪些是离子呢？

Nitrates, sulfates and phosphates are really common and they're always anions.

硝酸盐、硫酸盐和磷酸盐很常见， 而且它们总是离子。

Now what about the nitrate? Also anion.

那么硝酸盐呢？ 还有负离子。

We know that chlorine is a gas from the right side of the periodic table, so that is an anion.

我们知道氯是元素周期表右侧一种气体， 所以它是一种离子。

But with anions, you use a special suffix, " ide" .

但是对于离子， 你使用一个特殊后缀， “ide” 。

But the names of these ions change somewhat depending on whether they are cations or anions.

但是这些离子名称会根据它们是阳离子还是离子而有所不同。

So, the anion of chlorine is chloride, and is written so.

所以，氯离子是氯化物， 并且是这样写。