We haven't identified which receptors recognize the anion, or negatively charged ion, in a salt.

我们尚未确定哪些受体识别盐中阴子或带负电子。

We got something! A huge release of anions.

有了 大量负子释放。

Yes. High levels of polyatomic anions released in the atmosphere.

大量多原子负子释放进了大气中。

And this became an anion, because it's negative.

这变成了一个阴子，因为它是负。

They have a wide anion gap acidosis.

严重阴子间隙增高性酸中毒。

But with anions, you use a special suffix, " ide" .

但是对于阴子， 你使用一个特殊后缀， “ide” 。

But they're really just positively-charged cations — like calcium, sodium, and potassium — and negatively-charged anions, like phosphate, sulfate, and bicarbonate.

但它们实际上只是带正电荷子——比如钙、钠和钾——和带负电荷阴子，比如磷酸盐、硫酸盐和碳酸氢盐。

But the names of these ions change somewhat depending on whether they are cations or anions.

但是这些子名称会根据它们是子还是阴子而有所不同。

So, the anion of chlorine is chloride, and is written so.

所以，氯阴子是氯化物， 并且是这样写。

As a rule, all anions that end in " -ate" form acids that end with " -ic" .

通常，所有以“-ate” 结尾阴子都会形成以“-ic” 结尾酸。

So, HClO is hypochlorous acid, and likewise, it's anion, ClO minus, is hypochlorite.

因此，HClO 是次氯酸， 同样，它阴子， ClO minus， 是次氯酸盐。

So HClO4 is perchloric acid and it dissociates into an anion called perchlorate.

所以 HClO4 是高氯酸， 它会分解成一种叫做高氯酸盐阴子。

As oxygen becomes pressurized, it forms large amounts of superoxide anion (O2) and peroxide (H2O2), which are highly toxic to living cells.

当氧气被施加压力时，会形成大量超氧阴子和过氧化物，这些对活细胞有剧毒。

Cations are positively charged and anions are negatively charged.

子带正电， 阴子带负电。

And don't just think that there's one anion and one cation.

不要只是认为只有一种阴子和一种子。

Writing the formula of an acid is easy if you know what the anion is.

如果知道阴子是什么， 写出酸分子式就很容易了。

So cations only react with anions to form new compounds.

所以子只与阴子反应形成新化合物。

Now, when we name ionic compounds, we just say the cation first, and the anion second.

现在，当我们命名子化合物时， 我们只是先说子， 然后再说阴子。

But how do we know which ions are cations and which are anions?

但是我们怎么知道哪些子是子哪些是阴子呢？

Nitrates, sulfates and phosphates are really common and they're always anions.

硝酸盐、硫酸盐和磷酸盐很常见， 而且它们总是阴子。