In order to further discuss the identification of fault after the detection, a nonlinear online neural network approximator is used to provide an estimate of the fault.
If you will have more than 30 samples, if your sample size is more than 30, your sample standard deviation is going to be a good approximator for your population standard deviation.
They can send different typed chemical messages and physical messages to the adjacent cells and learn when to do this and when not make this conditional and become universal function, approximators.