To review the research progress of etiopathology on pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (PAVMs) complicated with bidirectional superior cavopulmonary anastomosis( BSCA).
Objective To investigate the clinical effect of r ad iocephalic arteriovenous internal fistulas created by anastomosis with two trape zoid and symmetrical lobulated flap.
In order to investigate the effects of repair of arteriovenous fistula on heart function so as to widen the range of the indication of allogenetic transplantation of kidney.
In the other two cases of the coronary arteriovenous fistulas, it is defined as a direct precapillary anastomosis between a majar coronary artery and the pulmonary trunk or the left ventricle.