People who catch the disease have the TB bacillus in their lungs.

感染者的肺部会携带结核菌。

They've actually added a gene from a bacteria called bacillus thuringiensis.

他们实际上添加了一种来自一种叫做苏云金芽孢杆菌的细菌的基因。

The disease was brought to Europe by rodents that carried fleas with the bacillus bacterium Yersinia pestis.

这种疾病由携带带有鼠疫杆菌的跳蚤的啮齿动物带到欧洲的。

And since it's a bacillus, it looks like a little pink rod under the microscope.

因为其属于杆菌，所以在光镜下的形态成粉红杆状。

Alright, as a quick recap: Legionella pneumophila is a Gram-negative bacillus found in water systems.

得！快速回顾一下：嗜肺军团菌一种存在于供水系统中的革兰染色阴性菌。

This is Bacillus subtilis. Those white dots that you see are spores.

这芽孢杆菌。你看到的那些白点孢子。

So this is bacillus anthracis, will start to grow.

所以这炭疽芽孢杆菌，将会开始生长。

It is caused by a specific bacillus.

它由特定的杆菌引起的。

Previous research has found that spores of a common bacteria, Bacillus subtilis, can survive in space.

先前的研究发现， 一种常见细菌芽孢杆菌的孢子可以在太空中存活。

1854. In Italy, anatomist Filippo Pacini describes the bacillus that causes cholera.

1854年，意大利解剖学家菲利波·帕奇尼描述了引发霍乱的杆菌。

It was not until 1884 that Robert Koch identified the comma-shaped bacillus Vibrio cholerae, which causes cholera.

直到1884年，罗伯特·科赫才识别出引起霍乱的逗号形杆菌——霍乱弧菌。

Back in Paris in 1917, he found patches much the same in a culture of dysentery bacillus.

1917年回到巴黎后，他在培养的痢疾杆菌中也发现了与之前相似的斑点。

1917. An invisible, antagonistic microbe of the dysentery bacillus.

1917年。一种对抗痢疾杆菌的隐形微生物。

Mycobacterium tuberculosis, or Cox bacillus, which is transmitted through tiny droplets released into the air, mainly through coughing or sneezing.

结核分枝杆菌， 又称科克斯氏杆菌，通过空气中释放的微小飞沫传播，主要途径咳嗽或打喷嚏。

Cromwell had him sent to Bordeaux in 1651 as a sort of revolutionary bacillus into the body politic of France.

克伦威尔于1651年将他派往波尔多，如同将一种革命的细菌注入法国的政治体内。

Okay, would you like to guess just for fun the year that physician and scientist Robert Koch discovered the tubercule bacillus?

好的，你愿意猜一下，只为了好玩，医生兼科学家罗伯特·科赫发现结核杆菌在哪一年吗？

For instance, they were used to stain previously invisible microbes and bacteria, allowing researchers to identify such bacilli as tuberculosis, cholera, and anthrax.

例如，它们被用来对以前看不见的微生物和细菌进行染色，使研究人员能够识别结核病、霍乱和炭疽等杆菌。

That is, part of it goes to the man who invents a new bacillus and the rest to establish a hospital for doing away with it again.

也就说，一部分钱留给了发现这种新微生物的人，剩下一部分又用来建了一家消灭这种微生物的医院。

In the lab, when doing a gram stain, Clostridium perfringens is Gram-positive, or purple when Gram stained, and look like big cylinders or rods, also called bacilli.

实验室做革兰氏染色时，产气荚膜梭菌显紫色（革兰氏阳性）：很像个大圆柱或棒子，因此也叫杆菌。

When doing a Gram stain, Clostridium tetani stains purple— or gram positive— and it's a bacillus, meaning that it looks like a big cylinder or rod under the microscope.

革兰氏染色中，破伤风梭菌显紫色（革兰氏染色阳性），呈棒状：显微镜下外观像一个巨大的圆柱体或棒子。