This is known as binding energy and it's one of the fundamental principles of nuclear chemistry.

这被称为结合能， 它是核化学的基本原理。

We also discussing binding energy and mass-energy equivalence, as well as the strong and weak nuclear forces.

我们还讨论了结合能和质能效，及强核力和弱核力。

This is a graph of the binding energies of various elements compared to their mass numbers.

这是各种元素的结合能与其质量数相比的图表。

Well, that difference in mass is equal to an amount of energy, specifically the total binding energy of the nucleus.

好吧，质量差于能量，特别是原子核的总结合能。

But elements with lower binding energies can react much more readily.

但是具有较低结合能的元素更容易地反应。

To find out how much binding energy that missing mass amounts to, you can use it as the 'm' in Einstein's formula.

要找出丢失的质量相当于多少结合能， 将其用作爱因斯坦公式中的“m” 。

But while the total binding energy still increases for nuclei larger than iron, the binding energy per nucleon, in fact, decreases.

但是，虽然对于比铁大的原子核，总结合能仍然增加，但实际上每个核子的结合能却降低了。

That energy is what we mean when we talk about nuclear energy, the binding energy that's released when a nucleon is removed from its nucleus.

当我们谈论核能时，这种能量就是我们所说的能量，即当核子从其原子核中移除时释放的结合能。

That binding energy is how much energy you would have to add to the helium atom in order to break it apart its nucleus.

该结合能是必须向氦原子添加多少能量才能将其分解成原子核。

And since binding energy accounts for the missing mass, you can calculate it using – you guessed it! – e equals m c squared.

由于结合能解释了缺失的质量，使用 - 猜对了！ – e 于 m c 的平方。

If you paid attention, you learned how Einstein's famous formula helps us calculate the binding energy of a nucleus from its mass defect.

如果留心观察，就会了解到爱因斯坦著名的公式如何帮助我们根据质量亏损计算原子核的结合能。

The amount of energy required to break up a nucleus into its component particles gets larger as the atomic number increases, with iron having one of the highest binding energies per nucleon.

随着原子序数的增加，将原子核分解成其组成粒子所需的能量会变大，铁是每个核子结合能最高的物质。