No causative studies has ever shown artificial sweeteners causing weight gain.

没有任何研究表明人造甜味剂会导致重增加。

However, in about 40% to 25% of the cases the causative genes are still unknown.

，有40％至25％例的致基因仍然未知。

Maybe you noticed this structure is called the causative.

也许你注意到这个结构被称为使役。

The causative verb or the other verb?

使役动词还另一个动词？

There are more than 10 causative verbs in English.

英语中有 10 多个使役动词。

Treatment of precancerous lesions begins with active surveillance, removing any diseased tissue, and stopping any causative agents, like smoking and alcohol abuse.

前变的治疗要从积极监测开始，任何变组织都要被去除，还要停止接触一切致物，如戒烟戒酒。

In Africa, we experience more than 140 outbreaks every year: viral outbreaks, bacterial outbreaks, or outbreaks of unknown causative agent.

在非洲，我们每年经历 140 多起疫情：毒疫情、细菌疫情或未知疫情。

This causative verb is used to say that we forced someone or something to do something.

这个使役动词被用来说我们强迫某人或某事做某事。

It's about the causative verbs 'have' and 'get'.

内容关于使役动词 have 和 get。

That means that more than one carcinogen, or causative factor, is needed to cause the disease - like abusing alcohol and using tobacco.

意为不止一种致物，或诱发性因素，在致过程中协同作用，像酗酒以及烟草的使用。

When we use let as a causative verb, it means that we allow someone to do something.

当我们使用 let 作为使役动词时，这意味着我们允许某人做某事。

Again you only need to conjugate the causative verb.

同样地，你只需要改变使役动词的形式。

Let's look at another causative verb — have.

我们来看看另一个使役动词 have。

Right, let's get started with the causative verbs.

好的，我们开始讲解使役动词。

There are lots of causative verbs and 'make', 'let' and 'have' are the most common ones.

使役动词有很多，“make”、“let”和“have”最常见的。

As I said before, we're looking at five verbs that we use with causative structures.

就像我之前说的那样，我们要学习五个使用使役结构的动词。

There's the causative verb, then the person who does the action, and then the action.

首先使役动词，然后做动作的人，最后动作。

Last week we looked at the meanings of three common causative verbs.

上周我们学习了三个常见使役动词的意思。

We are going to be talking about causative verbs, in particular, have, make, get, help and let.

我们将讨论释义动词，特别 have，make，get，help 和 let。

The tricky thing is the pattern they follow when they're causative verbs, and it's this.

棘手的，当它们使役动词时，所遵循的模式这样。