The same Thomson Reuters report I told you about earlier says that by 2025 biodegradable materials based on cellulose will replace plastic packaging for all purposes.

到2025年，可降解的生物纤维素材料将代替各种用途的塑料制品。

The provocation was that instead of growing a plant, like cotton, in a field over several months, we could use microbes to grow a similar cellulose material in a lab in a few days.

其发想在于，并不是花费几个月时间在地里栽培作物，比如棉花；而是只用几天时间，在实验室里用微生物培养出类似的纤维材料。

It does this by making more of the carbohydrate cellulose.

这是通过产生更多的碳水化合物纤维素来完成的。

That's because we can produce ethanol using cellulose.

这是因为我们用纤维素制造乙醇燃料。

The plant is made of strong cellulose that takes a long time to biodegrade.

菠萝由需要很长时间才能被生物降解的高强度纤维素成。

They're made of plasticized cellulose acetate which doesn't mean that they'll stay whole forever.

它们是由塑化醋酸纤维素制成的，这并不意味着它们会永远完整地存在。

The printed corals were made of biomaterials like cellulose and had algae embedded in them.

打印珊瑚由纤维素等生物材料制成，有藻类植入其中。

Isopterans get their nutrition from cellulose in wood.

白蚁从木材中的纤维素中养。

In an experiment with over 50 bird nests of local house finches and house sparrows, the team found that nests with the cellulose from smoked cigarette butts attracted significantly fewer mites, lice, and ticks than their non-smoker counterparts.

在对50多个本地家雀和家麻雀的鸟巢进行的实验中，研究小组发现，与不吸烟的鸟巢相比，使用来自烟蒂的纤维素的鸟巢所吸引的螨虫、虱子和蜱虫要少多。

In fact, earlier forms of paper were made from processed cotton waste and rags, but trees contain a better proportion and type of cellulose than any other plant.

事实上，早期的纸是用加工处理过的棉花屑和破布制成的，但树木所含的纤维比例和型态比其它任何植物都要来好。

In a paper published last Thursday, the scientists report that a type of cellulose diacetate, which is derived from wood pulp, appears to be the most ocean-friendly plastic alternative, at least in terms of how quickly it breaks down in saltwater.

在上周四发表的一篇论文中，科学家们报告称，从木浆提取的一种醋酸纤维素似乎是最适合海洋的塑料替代品——至少对于在盐水中分解的速度来说如此。

In particular, the team noticed that populations of bacteria which ferment carbohydrates such as cellulose and turn them into short-chain fatty acids were especially abundant in the resistant animals.

特别是，研究小组注意到，在抗蠕虫绵羊体内，可将其转化为短链脂肪酸的发酵纤维素等碳水化合物细菌种群尤其丰富。

But all the leaves that they eat are really hard to digest, that's why sloths have multi-chambered stomachs filled with bacteria that can break down the cellulose.

但是它们吃的所有叶子都很难消化，这就是为什么树懒有多腔的胃，里面充满了能分解纤维素的细菌。

It's hard to comprehend just how much cellulose is on this planet — it's wrapped around every single cell of every single blade of grass, tree trunk, and super bloom.

很难理解这个星球上到底有多少纤维素——它包裹在每一片草叶、树干和超级花朵的每一个细胞中。

Another company uses a yeast fermentation process to make spider silk protein, but their silk has to be stabilized with wool or cellulose.

另一家公司利用酵母发酵制造蜘蛛丝蛋白，但是他们的蛛丝必须用羊毛或纤维素加固。

No. There's also plastics, cellulose, foam, shaved ice, snow blanket, snow membranes, they all have their pluses and minuses.

不。另外还有塑料的、纤维素的，泡沫的，小冰渣，雪毯，雪膜，这些东西都各有优缺点。

We feed that with sugars and then it produces nanocellulose, which is a special, fine, strong form of cellulose.

我们用糖来喂养它，然后它就会产生纳米纤维素，这是一种特殊、细腻、强度很高的纤维素。

There's the lignin and cellulose of plants, calcium-rich shells of mollusks and coral reefs, and mineral bones like ours.

植物的木质素和纤维素，软体动物和珊瑚礁富含钙的贝壳，以及像我们这样的矿物骨骼。

A cell wall is made of cellulose and this structure provides support for the shape of the cell.

细胞壁是由纤维素成的，这种结为细胞的形状提供了支持。

Its teeth can saw through the toughest plant fibres and, unlike most animals, it can digest cellulose.

它的牙齿可以锯开最坚韧的植物纤维，而且不像大多数动物，它能消化纤维素。