And these special nanostructure arrangements make chitin exoskeletons incredibly tough for their weight.

这些特殊纳米结构排列使甲壳素外骨骼相对于它们重量惊人地坚固。

But insects and crustaceans build exoskeletons made from chains of modified sugars called chitin.

但是昆虫和甲壳类动物外骨骼是由被称为甲壳素修饰糖链制成。

Chitin is the second-most abundant organic material on earth.

几丁质是地球上第二丰富有机材料。

Through chemical processes, all that chitin can be turned into chitosan, which is where The Shellworks comes in.

经过化学处理后，所有几丁质转变成壳糖，这时候 The Shellworks 登场。

Chitin is molecularly similar to the cellulose we find in plants, but it's harder and more stable.

甲壳素在分子上与我们在植物中发现纤维素相似，但它更、更稳定。

The outer layer of a beetle's body is made of this super stiff polymer called chitin.

甲虫身体外层是由一种叫做甲壳素超物制成。

These special nanostructure arrangements make chitin exoskeletons incredibly tough for their weight.

这些特殊纳米结构排列使得几丁质外骨骼异常坚固，重量却很轻。

But it's actually made up of another chemical called chitin.

但实际上它是由另一种化学物质——几丁质构成。

So chitin for example in insects or cellulose is plants is structure.

例如，昆虫中几丁质或植物中纤维素都是结构物质。

Lobsters, crabs, scorpions and spiders are other animals with an exoskeleton made of chitin.

龙虾、螃蟹、蝎子和蜘蛛是其他具有由几丁质制成外骨骼动物。

And that's thanks in part to a substance in their cell walls called chitin.

而这某种程度上要感谢它们细胞壁中一种叫做角素物质。

18. And here's where chitin comes in.

这就是角素来源。

These are made of a naturally occurring polymer called chitin, which is a polymer you find in most insect and crustacean exoskeletons.

这些鳞片是由一种叫做甲壳素天然物构成，而在大多数昆虫和甲壳类动物外骨骼中都能找到这种甲壳素物。

If you were to zoom into a lobster's shell on the microscopic scale you'd see chitin crystals arranged like stacks of plywood.

如果你在微观尺度上放大龙虾壳，你会看到甲壳素晶体像胶板堆一样排列。

They jumped ship, leaving the chitin rafts  behind to be full-time photosynthetic drifters.

他们跳船了，留下了几丁质筏子，变成了全职光作用漂流者。

By weight, chitin accounts for about 30% of the shell, and it's also the case that with lobsters, they're eaten out the restaurant.

重量上，龙虾壳30％是几丁质，但是龙虾是在餐厅里食用。

Structurally they have more in common with animals in that they build their cells from chitin, a material that gives them their distinctive texture.

从结构上说，它们与动物有着更多共同点，因为它们是几丁质构建自己细胞。那种材料使用其质地与众不同。

Plus, they were covered from their rounded heads to their many segmented feet in an exoskeleton made of calcite and chitin.

此外，它们从圆圆头部到多节脚部都覆盖着由方解石和几丁质构成外骨骼。

A piece of chocolate, you are allowed bits of insect chitin in the chocolate because they do fall in, they get everywhere.

一块巧克力， 你可以在巧克力中加入一些昆虫几丁质， 因为它们确实会掉进去，到处都是。

Believe it or not, the only other place chitin is found in abundance is in the exoskeletons of insects, crabs, and such!

信不信由你，唯一能发现丰富角素其他地方只有昆虫、螃蟹之类外骨骼中。