Filtering is done by hair-like cellular appendages called cilia.

由像头发一样的称为纤毛的细胞附属器官完成。

Around this time, many former smokers notice a decrease in the frequency of lung infections because the healed cilia can do their job more easily.

大约在这个时候，许多戒烟者注意到肺部感染的频率降低了，因为治愈的纤毛可以更容易地完成它们的工作。

To start, the bacteria will have to get breathed in, slip by your nose hairs, past the cilia in the airways, and will then have to penetrate past the epithelium layer of the lungs.

首先，细菌得被吸入鼻毛滑过，过呼吸道的纤毛，然后得穿过肺的上皮细胞层。

Tiny hairs inside your nose called cilia help push it further down your nose.

你的鼻子里叫做纤毛的小毛发帮助把它推到鼻子下面。

Smoking also causes the cilia in the lungs to become irritated, and produce excess mucus.

吸烟还会导致肺部纤毛受到刺激，并产过量的粘液。

The mucociliary escalator consists of mucus that traps invaders and tiny hairs called cilia that carry the mucus toward the mouth, where it can be coughed out.

粘膜纤毛自动扶梯由困住入侵者的粘液和一些细小的毛发成，这些毛发叫做纤毛，负责把粘液运送至嘴巴，使它们可以被咳出去。

Last year researchers found that hairlike cilia on this special bunch of cells began to beat in unison, pointing toward what will later become the left side.

去年，研究人员发现，这一特殊细胞群上的毛发状纤毛开始协调一致地跳动，指向后来会变成左侧的部分。

To make matters worse, though, smoking makes the cilia short and less mobile, making it harder to move mucus up and out of bronchioles towards the back of the throat to get swallowed.

更糟糕的是，吸烟使纤毛变短，移动幅度更小，使之更难将黏液排送出细支气管，未能抵达咽部被吞咽。

Histologically, a prominent feature are their perivascular pseudorosettes, which are ring-like structures formed by tumors cells with rod-shaped ependymal processes, like cilia, surrounding a centralized blood vessel.

织学上看，主要的特征是血管周假菊形团，由室管膜瘤细胞的棒状突起（如纤毛）形成的环状结构，围绕着中央的血管。

In 3-9 months, the damaged cilia in the lungs are almost fully repaired, which are hair-like structures that helps sweep away dust and debris.

3至9个月后 肺部受损的纤毛几乎完全被修复了，纤毛是帮助肺部灰尘和碎片的类毛发结构。

The delicate hair-like cilia in the airways and lungs start recovering within weeks, and are restored after 9 months, improving resistance to infection.

几周内，毛发似的纤毛在呼吸道和肺中开始恢复，九个月后结束修复， 提高抗感染能力。

The alveolar wall has a completely different structure from the bronchioles - there are no cilia or smooth muscle, and instead the wall is lined by thin epithelial cells called pneumocytes.

肺泡壁与支气管壁结构完全不同，没有纤毛和平滑肌；相反，管壁内有大量薄层上皮细胞，称为肺泡细胞。

The delicate, hair-like structures inside the lungs known as cilia, which help to fight infections, will have recovered from the toll of cigarette smoke.

肺部纤毛是一种纤细的毛发状结构，有助于抵抗感染，它在这个时候会香烟的伤害中恢复过来。

Some of the only parts of the body whose motions aren't governed by the muscular system are sperm cells, the hair-like cilia in our airways, and certain white blood cells.

而在我们身体的某些部分，动作不是由肌肉系统控制的，它们包括精细胞，我们气道里的丝状纤维，还有某些白细胞。

As a result of having too much mucus and poorly functioning cilia, people with chronic bronchitis end up relying on coughing to get rid of their mucus plugs.

因为有太多痰液集聚，纤毛的功能也变差，慢支病患者只能靠咳嗽来排阻塞的痰液。

These special nerve cells are covered in cilia, which are like tiny hairs that stick out and trap the smell particles as they float past.

这些特殊的神细胞被纤毛覆盖，纤毛就像细小的毛发一样伸出来，在气味颗粒飘过时将它们困住。

It does this by damaging the cilia, tiny hairlike structures whose job it is to keep the airways clean.

它是通过破坏纤毛来实现的，微小的毛发状结构，其作用是保持气道洁。

Smoking damages the cilia, making them less able to clear even the normal amount of mucus and secretions, let alone the increased volume associated with pneumonia.

吸烟会对纤毛造成损伤，使他们难以正常含量的粘液和分泌物，更何况是由肺炎引起的超标含量。

Normally the cilia, these hair-like projections lining the airways, do a pretty good job of keeping the them clean by moving mucus, which catches things like debris and bacteria, toward the pharynx, called mucociliary action.

一般情况下，纤毛像毛发一样排列在气道内，在排送黏液、保持气道洁方面有很大的作用，它们将捕获了污垢和细菌的黏液向咽部排送，这就是粘液纤毛作用。

As is true of all ciliates, Stentor coeruleus have hair-like structures called cilia.

与所有纤毛虫一样，Stentor coeruleus 具有称为纤毛的毛发状结构。