The 3 base codes are known as codons. So GGT is a " codon" for Glycine.

这三个碱基编被称为密。所以 GGT 是甘氨酸的“密”。

Three base codons on the mRNA code for one amino acid.

一个氨基酸的 mRNA 编上的三个碱基密。

The words in which the instructions are written are called codons, and the letters are known as bases.

指令中所写的单词被称为密，单词中的一个个字母被称为碱基。

The genetic code is a rulebook that defines which codon encodes which amino acid.

遗传密是一本规则手册，它定义了哪个密编哪个氨基酸。

So, for example, the triplet codon TCG encodes the amino acid serine.

因，，三联密 TCG 编氨基酸丝氨酸。

So, for example, the amino acid serine is encoded by six different triplet codons.

因，，氨基酸丝氨酸由六个不同的三联体密编。

And triplet codons that encode the same amino acid are defined as synonymous codons.

编相同氨基酸的三联体密被定义为同义密。

And this means that most amino acids are encoded by more than one triplet codon.

这意味着大多数氨基酸由不止一个三联体密编。

And the order of triplet codons in DNA encodes the order of amino acid building blocks in a protein.

DNA 中三联体密的顺序编了蛋白质中氨基酸组成部分的顺序。

For example, does life need six different codons, which all code for the amino acid serine?

，命是否需要六个不同的密，它们都编氨基酸丝氨酸？

Specifically, we could remove components of the translational machinery, specific tRNAs, that normally read the codons that we've removed from the genome.

具体来说，我们可以移除转化体系的成分，即特定的转运 RNA，它们通常会读取我们从基因组中移除的密。

And it's the translational machinery of cells that reads the triplet codons and builds the corresponding sequence of amino acids.

是细胞的翻译机器读取三联体密并构建相应的氨基酸序列。

The specific sequence of these bases into groups of three, known as codons, gives our cells instructions to make each of the proteins in our bodies.

这些碱基的特定序列分为三个一组， 称为密，为我们的细胞提供指令以制造我们体内的每一种蛋白质。

Recall that the order of triplet codons in DNA encodes the order of amino acid building blocks in a protein.

回想一下，DNA 中三联体密的顺序编了蛋白质中氨基酸构建块的顺序。

We asked whether life needs multiple synonymous codons to encode a single amino acid.

我们询问命是否需要多个同义密来编单个氨基酸。

By translating the 1's and 0's of binary code into DNA codons, digital data could be programmed into synthetic DNA, then decoded back into its original form.

通过将二进制代的 1 和 0 翻译成 DNA 密，数字数据可以被编程为合成 DNA，然后解回其原始形式。

Now, the key point here is that we've created a cell that no longer reads all the codons in the near-universal genetic code.

现在，这里的关键点是我们已经创建了一个不再读取近乎通用的遗传密中的所有密的细胞。

By changing the order of the triplet codons in the synthetic DNA, we can change the order of the chemical building blocks that we program into the resulting polymer.

通过改变合成 DNA 中三联体密的顺序，我们可以改变我们在成的聚合物中编程的化学构件的顺序。

DNA is composed of four bases: A, T, G and C. And triplets of these bases, known as codons, encode each of the amino acid building blocks in proteins.

DNA由四个碱基组成：A、T、G和C。这些碱基的三联体，被称为密，编蛋白质中的每个氨基酸组成部分。

But viruses are unable to make copies of themselves in our new organism because our new organism doesn't have the machinery to read all the codons in the DNA of the virus.

但是病毒无法在我们的新物体中复制自己，因为我们的新物体没有读取病毒 DNA 中所有密的机制。