Life in Shang cities was highly regulated, with 12-month calendars, decimal measurement, conscription and centralised taxes.

在商代， 城市生活已十分规律，有将一年划分为十二个月的历法、十进制的度量衡单位、兵役制度以及中央税收制度。

Hundreds of thousands of military-aged men fled Russia last year fearing conscription.

去年，成千上万的军龄男子因害怕征兵逃离俄罗斯。

The Roman Empire needed a strong army, and this depended on conscription – forcing people to become soldiers and join the army.

罗马帝国需要一支强大的军队，这依赖征兵——强制性让人当兵并参军。

But it's very small and they don't have conscription until late in the war.

不过这支军队规模且直到战争后期才开始征兵。

The numbers continue to grow, with some 400 to 600 Eritreans arriving in Sudan each month, fleeing political repression, military conscription and poverty in their homeland.

这个数字由每个月有400到600名厄立特里亚人抵达苏丹仍然持续增, 逃离自己祖国的政治压迫, 征兵制及贫困。

It is a conscription that all able-bodied men between the ages of 18 and 28 do need to go and serve in the military.

这是一种征兵制度，要求所有18到28岁的健全男子都必须去服兵役。

Many of them are locked up in cells underground or in shipping containers for long periods as punishment for trying to avoid conscription.

有多人都会在地下监狱或集装箱中被关押时间作为拒服兵役的惩罚。

The label asked fans to continue to give loving support to RM, Jimin, V, and Jung Kook until they return safely from conscription.

其经纪公司希望粉丝继续给予 RM（金南俊）、Jimin（朴智旻）、V（金泰亨）、Jung Kook（田柾国）温暖的支持和不变的爱，直到履行完兵役义务健康回归。

Switzerland has voted overwhelmingly to retain compulsory military service. In the referendum all 23 cantons chose to keep conscription. Imogen Foulkes reports.

瑞士以压倒性支持保留义务兵役制，在公投中23个自治州全部投票支持保持征兵制。伊莫金·福克斯报道。

The conscription officer for Khabarovsk region has been removed because half of those who've been called up didn't meet the criteria.

哈巴罗夫斯克地区的军事委员已遭革职，因半数新征召的人员不符合征兵标准。

One of the most heinous aspects of South Sudan's civil war is the forced conscription of child soldiers

南苏丹内战最恶劣的一个方面就是强迫征用童兵。

Does that argue in favor of the paid military that we have or does it argue for conscription?

这一论点到底是支持了现行的有偿参军制，还是支持了强迫征兵制呢？

I think if you look at conscription as the government picking out certain individuals to go fight in war, then that would be a violation of their rights—their natural right to life.

如果你把征兵制视为政府挑选特定的个人去参战，那确实是对自然权利中生命权的侵犯 。

Let me see your conscription notice.

把征召令拿给我看。

Unlike the French, they did not have military conscription.

不像法国人 英国人并没有征兵。

We spoke to people who had left after being in conscription and national service for 10 or 15 years.

我采访到的是已经服役10至15年后从这个国家逃离的人。

National service is compulsory government service that usually means military service and is also known as conscription.

国民义务通常指军役，或者叫兵役。

The Romans used conscription to force men to join the army by law.

罗马人通过征兵强制性让男性参军。

But if the majority decides, if the majority promulgates a generally applicable law and if it votes duly according to fair procedures, then there is no violation, whether it's a system of taxation or a system of conscription.

但如经多数人决定，如果多数人颁布一部普遍适用的法律并经公平程序投票决定，那就不算侵权，不管是征税还是征兵。

So the real question is, you know, how does he himself figure it out between " I agree to give up my life, give up my property" when he talks about taxes or military conscription for the fact.

所以真正的问题是，如何能自圆其说以下观点，“我同意放弃我的生命，放弃我的财产。”当谈到税收制或征兵制时是这样说的。