Nicotine and other chemicals from the cigarette simultaneously cause constriction of blood vessels and damage their delicate endothelial lining, restricting blood flow.
Horner syndrome involves miosis or constriction of the pupils, ptosis or the drooping of the eyelid, and anhidrosis which is an inability to sweat in the face.
One more thing: Aldosterone secretion, combined with blood vessel constriction due to impairment of nitric oxide synthesis — another consequence of this renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, increases blood pressure.
His chest heaved once, as if his large heart, weary of despotic constriction, had expanded, despite the will, and made a vigorous bound for the attainment of liberty.
This third important cleaning device - like breathing, under partial voluntary control - is a rapid muscle contraction and bronchial-tube constriction that generates a wind force far stronger than a tornado.