Opposition research is as old as politics itself—Cicero's orations against Catiline, a dodgy candidate for the Roman consulship in 63BC, were notably well-informed.

其最早可追溯到时西塞罗与喀提林一场人尽皆知的辩论，喀提林是公元63年罗执政的竞选者，巧舌如簧。

Nero held his second consulship in 57 AD and embarked on the expensive construction of

尼禄于公元 57 年担任第二任执政，并开始了耗资巨大的建筑工程。

In the same month he was designated to hold the consulship in the year 56 AD, as well

同月，他被任命为公元 56 年的执政。

Marius would hold the consulship a  record-breaking seven times before becoming embroiled in a bitter civil war  against another popular general named Sulla.

在卷入与另一位名叫苏拉的受欢迎将军的激烈内战，吕斯曾七次破录地担任执政。

Roman humorists called that year not the consulship of Caesar and Bibulus, but the consulship of Julius and Caesar.

罗幽默作家称那一年的执政是朱利叶斯和凯撒，而非凯撒和毕布路斯。

Because opposition to monarchy had become a Roman core value, the Romans believed that politicians should rise up a ladder of offices to the highest office or consulship.

因为反对君主制已经成为核心价值观，罗人认为政治家应该升起阶梯到最高的办公室或者职位。

Scipio was a member of a very old and very famous patrician family, but as a mere lad of thirty-one, he was twelve years too young to hold the consulship.

普布里乌斯普属于大家族那是一个古老而闻名的贵族家庭，但他只是一个31岁的小伙子，只有再过12年，他才能够当领事。

60 AD, the year in which Nero held his fourth consulship, saw the establishment of more

公元 60 年，尼禄第四次担任执政，这一年建立了更多的执政。

Since Rome needed both Marius and his army, he was elected four times in a row to the consulship, one zero four, one zero three, one zero two, one zero one.

因为罗需要吕斯和他的军队，他连续四次当选执政，分别为104年 103年 102年 101年。

As was  traditional Vespasian was able to administer a foreign province following his consulship, and  in 63 AD he became proconsul of Africa, where he demonstrated his rigorous administrative and  financial skills.

按照传统， 维斯帕芗在担任执政后能够管理外国省份，并于公元 63 年成为非洲总督，在那里他展示了严格的行政和财务技能。

Vespasian had largely retired from public life  following his consulship in 51 AD owing to his falling out of favour with Claudius and  Agrippina and he remained out of public life for the remainder of the 50s AD.

维斯帕芗在公元 51 年担任执政后，由于失去了克劳狄斯和阿格里皮娜的青睐，基本上退出了公共生活，并且在公元 50 年代剩余的时间里他一直远离公共生活。

Between 71 and 79 AD he held the consulship seven times alongside his father  - this was by now a mostly ceremonial office but it nevertheless is a testament to his  influence at the highest levels of the Roman state.

公元 71 至 79 年间，他与他的父亲一起七次担任执政 - 虽然现在这主要是一个仪式性的职位，但它仍然证明了他在罗国家最高层的影响力。