The underlying cause of cranial nerve damage is idiopathic which means it's unknown, so when there's facial nerve a paralysis from a known cause like a stroke, a tumor, or trauma, it's not considered a Bell's palsy.

该颅神经受损是的，即原因不明，所以有明确病因（如中风、肿瘤、外伤）的面神经麻痹不属于贝尔麻痹。

It's got sensory input from all different parts of the body coming in. And when that sound wave, you know, hits the cranial nerve, those signals fire and light up that thalamus.

身体不同部位的感官输都会到这里，当声波击中脑神经时，这些信号会射并点亮丘脑。

PNS consists of total 43 pairs of nerve, among which 12 originate in brain, named as cranial nerves and 31 originate from spinal cord, hence called as spinal nerves.

周围神经系统由 43 对神经组成，其中 12 对起源于脑，称为脑神经，31 对起源于脊髓，故称为脊神经。

A specific cranial nerve, cranial nerve V, is the trigeminal nerve and it's responsible for the sensation in the face.

举例来说，第对脑神经三叉神经负责面部的感觉。

And, you know, just to keep things interesting, some of your cranial nerves carry both motor and sensory neurons.

为了让实验更有趣一些，脑神经同时携带运动神经元和感觉神经元。

Whatever device you use to remember the names of the cranial nerves, you also have to keep track of their functions — that is, whether they're sensory, motor, or both.

不管你用什么设备来记住脑神经的名字，你还必须记录它们的功能——也就是说，它们是感觉神经，运动神经，还是两者兼而有之。

The seventh cranial nerve, the facial nerve, emerges from the brainstem, and then enters the temporal bone where it travels through a narrow, Z-shaped canal, called the facial canal.

第七对颅神经，即面神经，由脑干出，然后进，在这里它穿过了一个狭窄的Z字形管道，叫做面神经管。

Peripheral nerves that originate from the brain are called cranial nerves, and they're in charge of motor and sensory innervation of the head and neck.

从脑出的周围神经叫做脑神经，支配着头颈的运动和感觉。

And the map that we follow of the cranial nerves is based on a ventral view of the brain — looking at its underside, with the anterior portion at the top, and posterior on the bottom.

我们跟踪的脑神经图是基于大脑的腹侧视图——看看它的下面，前面的部分在顶部，后面的部分在底部。

For peripheral nerves, the cell body can either be located in the spinal cord where it's called a spinal nerve or the brain where it's called a cranial nerve.

周围神经的神经元胞体，若位于脊髓中，就称为脊神经；若位于脑中，则称为脑神经。

Even rarer is the cephalic tetanus, which is limited to the muscles applied by the 12 cranial nerves only.

更罕见的是头部型破伤风，即痉挛仅局限于12对颅神经支配的肌肉。

Peripheral nerves that emerge from the brain and brainstem are called cranial nerves, and there are a total of 12 pairs of cranial nerves.

其中，由脑和脑干出的周围神经叫做颅神经，一共有12对。

The cranial nerves can also be involved, and that can cause symptoms like double vision and difficulty speaking.

脑神经受损时，会导致复视和说话困难等症状。

Some of your cranial nerves also carry motor fibers that control voluntary functions, like moving your eyeballs around.

你的一些脑神经还携带运动纤维，控制自功能，比如移动眼球。

You might notice that, up until the auditory nerve, the cranial nerves mostly control organs in the front of the cranium — mainly the eyes and facial muscles.

你可能会注意到，直到听觉神经为止，脑神经主要控制头盖前部的器官——主要是眼睛和面部肌肉。

Taste begins with taste receptor epithelial cells, rather than nervous cells, where tastants bind to receptors that trigger action potentials to four different cranial nerves that tell you: PIZZA.

味觉始于味觉受体上皮细胞，而不是神经细胞，在神经细胞中，味觉受体与触动作电位的受体结合，这四种不同的脑神经告诉你：这是 PIZZA。

Starting at the top, the first cranial nerve you encounter is the olfactory nerve, which takes scent information gathered by the nose and sends it to the brain.

从顶部开始，你遇到的第一个脑神经是嗅觉神经，它接收鼻子收集的气味信息并将其送到大脑。

Since all 12 of these cranial nerves are important, you're gonna have to come up with some kind of mnemonics to help you keep track of both their names and their functions.

因为这 12 条脑神经都很重要，你必须想出某种记忆法来帮助你跟踪它们的名字和功能。

There are 12 of these cranial nerves, and they vary in terms of what kinds of neurons they contain.

一共有 12 条颅神经，它们所含的神经元各不相同。

Just below that is the trigeminal nerve, the largest of the cranial nerves, which branches into three main strands — hence the 'tri' — and innervates the face and jaw muscles.

在三叉神经下面是三叉神经，最大的脑神经，它分为三股——因此是“三”股——支配着面部和下巴肌肉。