Howard Pattee, an early cybernetician, defined hierarchical structure as a spectrum of connectance.

早期的控制专霍华德·派蒂将层次结构定义为个连谱。

Another cybernetician, Gerald Weinberg, supplies a fine metaphor for requisite complexity in his book On the Design of Stable Systems.

另外位控制专，杰拉尔德·温伯格，在他的著作《稳定系统的设计》中为这个“必要的复杂”提供了个非常贴切的比喻。