Howard Pattee, an early cybernetician, defined hierarchical structure as a spectrum of connectance.

早期的控制论专家霍华德·派蒂将层定义为个连接性频谱。

Another cybernetician, Gerald Weinberg, supplies a fine metaphor for requisite complexity in his book On the Design of Stable Systems.

另外位控制论专家，杰拉尔德·温伯，的著作《论稳定系统的设计》中为这个“必要的复杂性”提供了个非常贴切的比喻。