The expression of interleukin-5 (IL-5) has been correlated with the maturation and differentiation of eosinophils, and is considered to be a cytokine responsible for allergic inflammation.
IL-5与嗜酸性粒细胞的成熟和分化密切相关, 是过敏性炎症发生过程中的关键细胞因子。
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As " type A" cells in the synovium attempt to remove the debris, immune cells like lymphocytes and macrophages are recruited into the synovial membrane, which produces proinflammatory cytokines that ultimately cause inflammation of the synovium as well, called synovitis.
滑
的A型细胞努力清除这些碎片的同时,免疫细胞(如淋巴细胞、巨噬细胞)也被募集进入滑
,产生

子,最终导致滑
。
What can happen with asthma is allergens from environmental triggers, like cigarette smoke, are picked up by dendritic cells which present them to a Th2 cell which produce cytokines like IL-4 and IL-5 leading to a number of features of asthma.
哮喘是由环境引发的过敏原引起的,比如香烟烟雾,是由树突细胞
呈到Th2细胞中,产生细胞
子IL-4和IL-5,从而导致哮喘的许多特征。
When the abnormal IgA1-IgG immune complexes deposit in the mesangium, the alternative complement pathway is activated, leading to the release of proinflammatory cytokines and migration of macrophages into the kidney, all of which contributes to glomerular injury.
当异常的IgA1-IgG免疫复合物沉积在

时,补体旁路途径被激活,导致促
子的释放,同时促进巨噬细胞向肾迁移,以
所有反应会导致肾小球的损伤。
At that point T helper cells, or Th1 cells swoop in and release cytokines —which are cell signaling molecules— like interferon-gamma, and tumor necrosis factor alpha, which further stimulate the inflammatory response.
在这时,辅助T细胞(Th1细胞)突然加入到
反应中并释放细胞
子;这些细胞
子是细胞间信号分子,包括γ干扰素和肿瘤坏死
子α等;这些细胞
子可以进一步促发
反应。