The researchers demineralized the 180-million-year-old fossil of an ichthyosaur...and left behind soft, flexible tissues.

研究人员对1.8亿年前的鱼龙化石进行了去矿物质处理，留柔软且有韧性的组织。

So typically, dental plaque can form on the surface of teeth, b ut if the pH of the local environment around the tooth surface remains above about 5.5, enamel will not demineralize.

一般情况，斑形成于齿表面，但表面局部环境的pH值于5.5时，釉质将不能脱矿化。

That environment favors bacteria like mutans streptococci and Lactobacillus, which demineralize enamel and the dentin beneath it, and if untreated, it can eventually result in a cavitated caries lesion.

酸性环境的优势例如变形链球和乳酸杆，可以食釉质及其层的本质脱矿，如果不加以治疗，最终会形成空洞型龋齿。

' 'That's to try and keep his physical condition up – to stop him atrophying and his bones demineralizing, his legs pooling, that kind of thing.

” “那是为了努力保他的身体状况——阻止他萎缩，阻止他的骨骼脱矿，阻止他的腿积水，诸如此类的事情。