They site labor shortages and they call it a disincentive to return to work.

他们认清劳动力短缺的现状，并且认为失业救济金劳动力回归市场。

Poor black health is a disincentive to work that work alone cannot fix.

黑人健康状况差是工作的障碍，光靠工作是解决不的。

Not only can someone be elected with minimal actual support, but plurality voting creates disincentives for new entrants to compete for fear of spoiling the election by pulling away votes from ideologically similar candidates.

不仅有人可以在实际支持率低的情况下当选，而且多数票会抑新加入者的竞争，因为他们担心从意识形态相似的候选人那里拉走选票而破坏选举。

But instead from the standpoint of the effect of incentives, or disincentives, on the well-being of those on the bottom.

而是考虑这些激励或者抑对处于社会底层的最不利群体有什么响。

Mr Musk has criticised rivals including Boeing for the structure of their government contracts, which he says disincentive finishing projects on budget and on time.

马斯克批评包括波音在内的竞争对手，称他们政府合同的结构不利于按时按预算完成项目。

And there's a lot of disincentives to that happening.

这样做有很多不利因素。

So it gives you a disincentive to go out and find better paying work.

所以它会让你不愿意出去寻找薪水更高的工作。

That is the ultimate disincentive to investment and ownership in a league.

那是对联赛中的投资和所有权的最大打击。

There's traditional carrots and sticks and pressures and things you can apply incentives, disincentives.

传统上，胡萝卜加大棒政策、施压手段以及激励和反激励措施都是可行的。

But it is creating this very strict regimen of incentives and disincentives in the region.

但它正在该地区定为严格的激励与惩罚机。

So there's a big disincentive to swapping cars in our state.

在我们州，换车存在很大的阻碍。

Yeah, one of the Japanese demographers I was looking at on this a few years ago, His thesis was, no, once it flips, it doesn't flip back, because you've changed all the politics to where people get disincentive.

是的，几年前我研究过的位日本人口学家提出，旦生育率逆转， 它就不会再反弹，因为你已经改变所有政策， 使得人们失去生育的动力。 因此，应当将这种低生育率视为永久性的生育水平。

Levying taxes on firms that emit greenhouse gases, and on energy suppliers and producers for the amount of carbon they release into the atmosphere, would act as a disincentive to pollute.

对排放温室气体的企业以及根据其向大气中排放的碳量对能源供应商和生产者征税，将起到抑污染的作用。

It reflects a high measure of moral bankruptcy, extortion, trying to compel through financial incentives or disincentives the university to decide on the course of its academic direction.

这反映出种高度的道德沦丧和勒索行为，企图通过财政激励或惩罚手段， 强大学决定其学术方向的走向。

There were far too few customs officers, far too few government officials in the area to stop it, which meant there was very little disincentive.

那里的海关官员和政府官员远远不足，这意味着几乎没有威慑力。

Rather than 'laziness', Rhodes saw 'independence' – and he documented his managerial  attempts to provide them with different incentives and disincentives.

与其说是“懒惰”，罗兹看到的是“独立”——并且他记录自己试图通过提供不同的激励和惩罚措施来管理他们的尝试。

And a disincentive created by showing El Salvador on the television, and this is where we're going to send you.

通过在电视上展示萨尔瓦多的画面， 营造种反向激励，告诉人们这就是我们将要送你们去的地方。

At its most extreme, instability undermines certainty about the future and is a disincentive to savers and businesses alike.

在端情况下，不稳定会破坏对未来的确信，并且对储户和企业都是个不利因素。

It would create disincentives for railroads to make future investment in new facilities.

这将对铁路公司未来在新设施上进行投资产生抑作用。

Moreover, the threat of imprisonment is perceived as a powerful disincentive to criminal behavior.

此外，监禁威胁被视为对犯罪行为的有力抑。