On the dualist view, what was death?

二元论认为 什么是死亡？

That's something a physicalist or dualist can say.

这或许是物者或是二元论者的观点。

The alternative view that we're going to consider is not dualist, but monist.

另一个观点我们就不考虑二元论 是一元论。

The dualist position is that the mind is a soul and the soul is an immaterial object.

二元论认为心就是是一种非物质实体。

It's not the only view available to physicalists or, for that matter, dualists.

这不是物者或是，二元论者的唯一观点。

I'm going to have in mind this dualist view according to which the soul is something immaterial, nonphysical.

我会采用二元论思路 因为他们认为是非物质 非物的。

And in passing, the finest dualist in Europe.

顺便 也是欧洲决斗之冠。

More specifically, dualists like Descartes struggle to explain how a physical body connects to an immaterial soul.

更具体地说，像笛卡尔这样的二元论者努力解释肉体如何与非物质联系起来。

We say that Descartes is a dualist, which means that he effects a sharp division between the reality of thought and extended reality.

我们说笛卡尔是一个二元论者，这意味着他在思想的现实和扩展的现实之间进行了严格的划分。

And this is no surprise if what we are is the workings of our physical brains, but it is extremely difficult to explain if one is a dualist.

如果我们是我们肉体大脑的运作，这就不足为奇了，但如果一个人是二元论者，就很难解释。

Catharism was dualist, which meant they saw the world as caught in an eternal struggle between good, which was the spirit, and evil, which was the flesh, and the church was on the evil side.

卡特里派是二元论，这意味着他们认为世界陷入了一场永恒的斗争，善是精神，恶是肉体，教会站在邪恶的一边。