Microbes in this area break down the food using a process called enteric fermentation.

这个区域微生物通过道发酵过程来分解食物。

In fact, there is a brain of sorts in your belly called the enteric nervous system which performs everything from sensing nutrients, measuring acids, and coordinating the immune system to defend your gut.

事实上，在你肚子里有一个道神经系统，它可以感知营养、测量酸度、疫系统来保护你道。

For those of you not au fait with physiology or anatomy, the enteric tract is the nervous system that regulates digestion.

对于那些不熟悉生理学或解剖学人来说，道是节消化神经系统。

Through this network of nerve connections, your big brain communicates stress to your enteric, or intestinal nervous system.

通过这个系统中神经纤维间联系，你大脑向你道，或者说神经系统传递了压力信号。

Our second brain is the brain in our gut or the ENS (the enteric nervous system).

我们第二大脑是我们道或神经系统中大脑。

But the enteric nervous system becomes even more interesting when you realize that the microbes in your gut actually produce over 50% of the dopamine found in your body, and 90% of the serotonin.

道神经系统有趣地方在于，你会发现其实体内50%以上多巴胺和90%素是由道内微生物释放出来。

The enteric tracts of waterfowl such as ducks and geese are known to be the reservoirs for all known influenza A viruses.

已知鸭子和鹅等水禽道是所有已知A型流感病毒宿主。

It's becoming more and more clear now that we won't get there, unless we tackle enteric methane emissions.

现在越来越楚是，除非我们解决道甲烷排放问题，否则我们无法实现这一目标。

When the vagus nerve is severed, the enteric nervous system is capable of organizing and initiating its own reflexes for digestion because it has such a complex collection of neurons.

当迷走神经被切断时，因其有如此复杂神经元集合，道神经系统有能力组织和启动自己消化反射。

But while this extensive network is constantly sending signals from the brain to your body, scientists have noted that 80-90% of the nerve fibers in the enteric nervous system are actually going from the gut to the brain.

但是，当这个大规模网络不断地从大脑向身体发送信号时，科学家们注意到，道神经系统中80-90%神经纤维实际上是从道到大脑。

In fact, the enteric nervous system, which is an extensive mesh-like network of neurons that controls your entire digestive tract from the esophagus to the anus, doesn't even require the brain at all.

事实上，道神经系统是一个由神经元组成网状网络，控制着从食道到肛门整个消化道，它甚至不需要大脑控制。

We have a whole separate nervous system in our gut called the enteric nervous system.

我们道中有一个完全独立神经系统，称为神经系统。

I mean, we know that the enteric nervous system, the gut communicates with the brain.

我是说，我们知道神经系统，道与大脑之间是相互沟通。

The microbiome is thus an integral part of the gut-brain axis, the constant neural chatter between the largest group of nerve cells in the body, the central nervous system, and the second largest, the enteric nervous system.

因此，微生物组是脑轴一个组成部分，它是身体内最大一组神经细胞——中枢神经系统与第二大神经细胞组——神经系统之间持续神经交流。

In fact, the enteric nervous system, which is an extensive mesh-like network of neurons that controls your entire digestive tract from the esophagus to the anus, doesn’t even require the brain at all.

事实上，神经系统是一个广泛网状神经元网络，控制着从食道到肛门整个消化道，它甚至根本不需要大脑。

So, these electrical patterns, these electrical waves that are going into, that are being propagated by the gastrointestinal tract, there are like several different cells, like the enteric neurons are coordinating these cells.

因此，这些电模式，即由胃道传播电波，涉及多种不同细胞参与，比如神经系统中神经元就在这些细胞活动。 此外，还有所谓间质卡哈尔细胞也在其中发挥作用。

Isn't it called the enteric nervous system?

不是叫神经系统吗？

Research suggests that this network, known as the enteric nervous system, contains more than 100m neurons.

研究表明，这个被称为神经系统网络包含超过 100m 个神经元。

Fischman: Those are the enteric neurons.

Fischman：这些是道神经元。