Esophageal phase, in which the food passes down the esophagus, via peristalsis, into the stomach.

食道期，食物通过蠕动沿食道向下进入胃。

Barrett's esophagus poses a higher risk of developing esophageal adenocarcinoma.

Barrett食管患者发生食管腺癌的风险较高。

And it's the same color as my cadaver's esophageal sphincter.

而且，这甜品的颜色跟我解剖尸体的食管括约肌一样。

And she had a T.I.P.P.S. procedure last month for esophageal varices.

因食管静脉曲张，上月做了颈静脉肝内门体分流术。

Is it oropharyngeal or esophageal dysphagia?

是口咽部还是食道部吞咽困难？

Now, the stomach mucosa is different from the esophageal mucosa.

而胃粘膜同于食管粘膜。

The testing of the Owlstone breathalyzer is currently limited to patients with suspected esophageal and stomach cancers.

欧尔斯通呼吸测试仪的测试目前仅限于食道癌和胃癌的疑似患者。

Esophageal cancer is a leading cause of cancer deaths around the world. Most cases are reported in developing countries.

食道癌是全球癌症患者死亡的主要原因。大多数病例发生在发展中国家。

The lower esophageal sphincter has a resting pressure of 10 to 45 millimeters of mercury.

食管下括约肌的静息压力为10至45毫米汞柱。

Some esophageal defense mechanisms against acid reflux are the primary and secondary peristaltic waves.

一些抗酸反流的食管防御机制是初级和次级蠕动波。

In scleroderma, the muscle of the lower esophageal sphincter is replaced by connective tissue, so it can't contract properly.

在硬皮病中，食管下括约肌被结缔组织，能正常收缩。

Additionally, the lower esophageal sphincter is tightly closed between meals to prevent acid reflux.

另外，食管下括约肌在进食时会保持强力收缩状态，来防止胃酸返流。

So oral bacteria might increase the risk of esophageal cancer, especially porphyromonas gingivalis, which has been detected in cancerous tissues.

口腔细菌还可能会增加食管癌的风险，尤其是牙龈卟啉单胞菌，其已在癌组织中被检测到。

Persistent acid reflux damages the esophageal mucosa, causing local inflammation, or esophagitis.

持续性酸反流会损害食管粘膜，引起局部炎症，即食管炎。

Now, when the pressure of the lower esophageal gets lower for some reason, reflux persists for longer, becoming pathological.

那么，当食管下段压力由于某种原因而降低时，反流持续时间延长，变成病理性的。

Finally, at the lower esophageal sphincter, the squamous epithelium joins the columnar gastric epithelium to form the gastroesophageal junction.

最后，在食管下括约肌处，食管鳞状上皮移行为胃柱状上皮，形成了胃-食管交界区。

I had a woman who was born with esophageal fistula to her trachea.

我曾接诊过一位天生患有食管气管瘘的女性。

Unfortunately, esophageal cancer is usually diagnosed in advanced stages, so it's considered a poor prognosis cancer.

幸的是，食管癌往往都是在晚期才被确诊，所以总的来说，食管癌是一种预后佳的癌症。

Clearly there are esophageal varices, but we don't know what's going on in the gastric varices.

明明有食管静脉曲张，但我们知道胃静脉曲张是怎么回事。

So we can see oral or esophageal candidiasis, which at least in the U.S. we often call thrush.

因此，我们可能会观察到口腔或食管念珠菌病，在美国，我们通常称之为鹅口疮。