But some things did change over evolutionary time. Or rather, 144 things.

但是随着时间的推移，确有些区别。或者确切的说是144处不同。

His argument is that the unusual history of these people has (subjected) them to unique evolutionary pressures that have resulted in this (paradoxical) state of affairs.

他的论点是，不同寻常的历史导致这个群体遭受了极不寻常的精神压力，正是这种压力导致了这种矛盾的状况。

Hardly. A fear of heights is illogical. A fear of falling, on the other hand, is prudent and evolutionary.

哪，高完全不合理。然而害怕掉下来才是有发展眼光的说法。

What we see today is the product of evolutionary events, resulting from the dispersal of a few human populations out of Africa around 60,000 to 70,000 years ago.

我们今天看到的是进化的产物，这是因为部分人类在6-7万年前分散并离开了非洲。

Turns out that regardless of evolutionary lineage, the animals react in a similar way to life among humans: they lose their antipredator traits. That pattern is especially pronounced for herbivores and for social species.

事证明，不管进化谱系如何，这些动物对人类生活的反应是相似的: 它们失去了反捕食者的特征。 这种模式在食草动物和群居物种中尤为明显。

These species hailed from three different evolutionary lineages.

这10种地衣来自三支不同的进化谱系。

Now, the prefrontal cortex, that youngest part of our brain from an evolutionary perspective, it understands on an intellectual level that we shouldn't smoke.

其，前额叶皮质，从进化的角度来看， 那是我们大脑最年轻的部份，它明白，理智上我们不应该抽烟。

It satisfies humans' love of crispy foods, rooted in an evolutionary preference since crunchiness is often an indicator of freshness.

它满足了人类对酥脆食物的热爱，这根源于一种进化偏好，因为酥脆通常代表新鲜。

It actually goes back to what evolutionary past.

这际上又回到了我们的进化历程。

From an evolutionary perspective getting out there and mating would increase the odds of predation.

从进化的角度来看，外出交配会增加被捕食的几率。

But on the flipside from an evolutionary point of view the reason we are so successful and we're still here is because we can, and when we need to, react aggressively to situations.

但是反之，从进化的角度来说，人类之所以比其他动物更成功并存活至今是因为我们够，并且在必要的时候会，对一些情况作出攻击性的反应。

We all struggle with different things at different times until we either choose to give up or until we die and become part of the larger evolutionary story.

在不同时刻，我们都在与不同的事物斗争直到我们选择放弃或者直到我们死掉，然後成为更大进化故事的一部分。

It does make perfect evolutionary sense that we should have the ability to detect or taste glutamate because it is the amino acid which is most common in natural foods.

我们因该发现或尝出谷氨酸盐因为谷氨酸盐就是未经加工的食物中常见的氨基酸。

At the time Penny's business practices were evolutionary.

当时，潘尼的商业行为是革命性的。

As research has shown, those with powerful intellectual abilities are the most capable of solving evolutionary tasks, and they adapt more quickly to new environments (in this case, highly populated areas of big cities) .

研究表明，拥有强大智力的人最有力解决进化任务，他们也更快地适应新环境（这里指的是大城市的高人口密度地区）。

For diet, this usually means looking at the diet from an evolutionary perspective.

就饮食而言，说“历史”指的是从进化的角度来看饮食。

But, our acquisition of social learning would create an evolutionary dilemma, and the solution to the dilemma, it's fair to say, would determine not only the future course of our psychology, but the future course of the entire world.

但是，我们对社会学习力的习得会造成一个进化困境，而这个困境的解决方案，公平地说，不仅会决定我们心理的未来走向，也会决定整个世界的未来走向。

It does make perfect evolutionary sense that we should have the ability to detect or taste glutamate because it is the minor acid which is the most common in natural foods.

因为谷氨酸盐是在自然食物中很常见的氨基酸，所以我们够发现并尝出它的味道，从进化的角度看，这是说得通的。

I lead a research laboratory, and we are using statistics and mathematical models and evolutionary systems and infer the sequences of ancient DNA that existed billions of years ago.

我领导研究团队，我们利用统计学和数学模型、进化系统来推算几十亿年前存在的古 DNA 序列。

One professor said, our research shows, however, that new innovations can spread like social media memes through insect colonies, indicating that they can respond to wholly new environmental challenges much faster than by evolutionary changes.

一位教授表示，然而，研究表明，新的创新可以像社交媒体模因一样在昆虫群落中传播，这表明它们对全新的环境挑战的反应比通过进化变化要快得多。