Pleural effusions can be due to excess fluid collection, transudative and exudative, or due to blockage of lymphatic drainage.

胸腔积液液体形成过快，分漏出性胸水与渗出性胸水，或者淋巴引流阻塞，液体吸收过缓。

Often, the biggest challenge is distinguishing between a transudative and exudative effusion, and the key difference is the amount of protein in the effusion - exudates have much more!

最大挑战经常辨别漏出液与渗出液，关键不同点液体里蛋白质总量：渗出液量更多！

Transudative fluid looks clear, exudative effusions are full of immune cells and therefore look cloudy, and lymphatic fluid is filled with fats and looks like milk.

漏出液透明清亮；渗出液里有许多炎性细胞，因此看起来混浊；淋巴液里充满脂肪，所以看起来像牛奶。

An exudative pleural effusions is due to inflammation of the pulmonary capillaries which makes them much more leaky.

渗出性胸腔积液因为肺毛细血管发炎，变得更易漏出。