Breath from Salt by Bijal Trivedi. It's about cystic fibrosis which is a disease that affects over 10,000 kids in the U.S.

《盐的呼吸》作者碧周·翠瓦狄，本关于囊性纤维疾病的书，种疾病影响了美国超过1万名儿童。

Instead, one idea is to use this technique to help cystic fibrosis patients.

相反，其中一种想法，项技术帮助囊性纤维病患者。

Coarse crackles occur when there's pulmonary fibrosis, or scarring in the lungs.

当肺纤维或肺部疤痕形成时，会出现粗湿啰音。

Finally, it's worth noting that even folks that don't die from COVID-19 including young and healthy individuals can go on to develop pulmonary fibrosis, a chronic lung condition that can severely impair a person's quality of life.

最后还有一点，即使那些没有死于COVID-19的患者，包括年轻健康的人，也有可能继续发展成肺纤维；种慢性肺疾病会严重损害个人生活质量。

Between each of the vertebral bodies is an intervertebral disc which is made of type I and type II collagen and has two parts, the annulus fibrosis, an outer fibrous ring, and the nucleus pulposus, an inner jelly-like substance.

在椎体之间的由Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型胶原构成的椎间盘，它由两部分组成：层的环形纤维结构称为纤维环，而内层的胶状物质称为髓核。

When all that stuff stagnates, it initiates an inflammatory reaction that causes macrophages to release inflammatory molecules, which ultimately damage surrounding cells and leads to fibrosis which is the thickening of connective tissue, or the creation of scar tissue.

当所有些物质淤滞时，将会引发炎症反应，从而导致巨噬细胞释放炎症因子，最终破坏周围细胞，造成组织的纤维，即结缔组织增厚，形成瘢痕组织。

Cystic fibrosis is a genetic disorder that causes scarring of the pancreas, while pulmonary fibrosis is a scarring of the lungs, resulting in shortness of breath.

囊肿性纤维一种会在胰腺上产生伤疤的遗传疾病，而肺纤维在肺上产生伤疤从而形成呼吸困难。

And general causes include chronic illness, like cystic fibrosis or celiac disease, excessive exercise, malnutrition or obesity, and stress - all of which affect the way the hypothalamus and pituitary release hormones.

而一般病因包括囊性纤维病、乳糜泻等慢性病、运动过度、营养不良、肥胖以及精神压力等，以上因素都会对下丘脑和垂体释放激素的方式产生影响。

One or more of these could move toward trials in the next few years, says Riley, including one for multi-resistant tuberculosis and another for pulmonary infections in cystic fibrosis patients.

赖说，其中一种或多种药物有望在未来几年进入临床试验阶段，其中一种于治疗耐多药结核病，另一种于治疗囊性纤维患者的肺部感染。

The treatment, which counteracts the effects of a genetic mutation carried by 90% of Cystic fibrosis patients, comes 30 years after researchers identified the gene behind the disease.

在研究人员确定该疾病背后的基因30年后，该疗法抵消了90%的囊性纤维患者所携带的基因突变的影响。

We are finding mucus is compromised in a number of diseases or conditions, including inflammatory bowel disease, cystic fibrosis, certain forms of dental cavity formation, certain forms of infertility.

我们发现，黏液在多种疾病或状况中受到损害，包括炎症性肠病、囊性纤维、某些形式的龋齿形成以及某些形式的不孕。

CF is an autosomal recessive disorder involving the CFTR gene, which stands for " cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator, " and this gene codes for the CFTR protein.

CF一种常染色体隐形遗传病，涉及CFTR基因；CFTR代表跨膜传导调节基因，它编码了CFTR蛋白。

With that idea in mind, researchers looked at biofilm-assembling bacteria notorious for causing infections in the urinary tract and the lungs of patients with cystic fibrosis.

怀着一理念，研究人员观察了生物膜集合的细菌，而它们因能导致尿路感染和肺部囊细胞纤维症而臭名昭著。

Well fibrosis is a process mediated by special cells called stellate cells, that sit between the sinusoid and hepatocyte, known as the perisinusoidal space.

纤维的过程由星形细胞调控的；星形细胞位于血窦和肝细胞之间，即窦周间隙。

Editing the unhealthy cells of those suffering from genetic diseases such as Duchenne's muscular dystrophy and cystic fibrosis will alleviate their suffering.

编辑那些患有杜氏肌营养不良和囊性纤维等遗传疾病的人的不健康细胞将减轻患者痛苦。

The variation present in most non-Africans with cystic fibrosis is responsible for only about 30% of cases in people of African origin.

基因突变引起的囊性纤维大多数非非洲人心力衰竭的原因，因一遗传原因发病的非洲人只有30%。

These discoveries, fascinating in and of themselves, also pave the way for new approaches to treating infections in those with cystic fibrosis.

些发现本身就很极具吸引力，也为治疗囊性纤维症患者感染的新方法铺平了道路。

Our first season is about a pathologist named Dorothy Andersen, the first person to identify cystic fibrosis in a patient in the 1930s.

我们第一级介绍的病理学家 Dorothy Andersen，她在上世纪30年代首次在患者中发现囊细胞纤维。

Janet and Francis Murnaghan complained that the rules discriminated against their daughter Sarah, a ten-year-old being treated for cystic fibrosis in Philadelphia.

珍妮特·莫纳汉和弗朗西斯·莫纳汉夫妇抱怨样的规定对他们十岁的女儿萨拉不公平。萨拉正在费城接受囊性纤维病的治疗。

The tissue that's encapsulated by the granuloma undergoes fibrosis and often calcification, producing scar tissue that can be seen on x-ray

被肉芽肿包裹的组织会纤维且会钙，形成瘢痕组织，种钙组织可以在X光片上看到。