Alright, so with membranous glomerulonephritis, the basement membrane becomes damaged which causes nephrotic syndrome.

好，所以在小球中，基底受损，可导致病综合征。

If it goes untreated or the treatment is not successful, then membranous glomerulonephritis can progress to chronic renal failure.

如不加以治疗或治疗不成功，那么小球会进展成慢衰竭。

So as a quick recap, intrarenal AKI is kidney injury caused by something within the kidneys themselves, which could be the tubules as in acute tubular necrosis, the glomerulus as in glomerulonephritis, or the interstitium as in acute interstitial nephritis.

好！快速回一下：急损伤是由脏内部引起的急损伤，可能是小管，如急小管坏死；或小球，如小球；或间质，如急间质。

Alright another type of intrarenal AKI is glomerulonephritis, or GN, which means inflammation of the glomerulus.

好，另一类急损伤是小球，即GN，意味着小球的症。

Membranous glomerulonephritis most commonly affects caucasian adults, and it can be primary, or idiopathic, meaning it's not quite clear why these complexes form, and this accounts for the vast majority of cases.

白种人最易患小球，它可以是原发的，即特发的，意味着免疫复合物形成的机理尚不明确；极大多数小球病因属于这类。

Alright, quick recap—membranous glomerulonephritis is where immune complexes deposit in the GBM, causing a thickening of that GBM and a " spike and dome" appearance that leads to nephrotic syndrome.

好，快速回一下：在小球中，免疫复合物沉积在小球基，引起小球基增厚和“钉状突起”，导致病综合征。

Then we come to nephrology, which deals with the diagnosis and management of a wide range of kidney-related conditions, such as chronic kidney disease, acute kidney injury, kidney stones, glomerulonephritis and hypertension.

然后我们来到病学领域，它涉及脏相关疾病的诊断和管理，如慢病、急损伤、结石、小球和高血压。