This is actually the gonads from sea urchins.

这实际上是海胆的性腺。

I always call them bags of gonads that can fly because that's all they do.

我一直称它们为会飞的性腺袋，因为它们只会做这个。

The first is primary hypogonadism which is caused by dysfunction of the gonads - for example, the gonad's receptors may not respond to gonadotropin hormones, or the gonads might not have healthy cells that are capable of producing hormone.

一是原发性性腺功能减退，由性腺功能障碍引起，例如，性腺受体对促性腺激素不敏感或者性腺内没有能够产性激素的健康细胞。

The testes — the gonads of the anatomical male — are tasked with making male gametes, sperm, and the androgen hormone testosterone.

睾丸——解剖上男性的性腺——负责制造男性配子、子和雄激素睾酮。

Some folks have internal gonads that produce high levels of testosterone, so you'd have to do surgery to remove those.

一有内部性腺，产高水平的睾酮，因此需要手术来移除它们。

The ovaries are the female gonads, and they produce the ova, as well as the female sex hormones.

卵巢是女性性腺，可以产卵子，分泌雌性激素。

The internal sex organs are the ovaries, which are the female gonads, the fallopian tubes, two muscular tubes that connect the ovaries to the uterus, and the uterus, which is the strong muscular sack that a fetus can develop in.

内殖器包括卵巢，即女性性腺；输卵管，连接卵巢和子宫的肌性管道；还有子宫，是孕育胎儿的坚固的肌性器官。

But until 6 or 7 weeks after fertilization, both 'XY' and 'XX' embryos have identical gonads.

但直到受后6或7周，XY和XX胚胎都有相同的殖腺。

It also includes the glands, ducts, external genitalia, and particular brain parts that help the gonads and gametes do what they need to do, which basically is mate, combine alleles, and make babies.

它还包括腺体、导管、外殖器，以及帮助性腺和配子做它们需要做的事情的特定大脑部分，这基本上是交配、结合等位基因和育。

The hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis is a system of hormonal signaling between the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and gonads.

下丘脑-垂体-性腺轴是下丘脑、垂体和性腺之间的激素信号系统。

The endocrine system also includes a few organs — like the gonads, the pancreas, and the placenta in pregnant women — all of which have some other non-hormonal functions and are made up of multiple tissue types.

内分泌系统还包括一器官——比如性腺、胰腺和孕妇的胎盘——所有这器官都有一其他的非激素功能，并且由多种组织类型组成。

Some acquired causes are similar to primary hypogonadism, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and trauma to the gonads.

有获得性因素与原发性性腺功能减退症相似，也包括放疗、化疗和性腺创伤。

These gonadotropin hormones then stimulate the gonads to produce sex specific hormones.

这促性腺激素随后刺激性腺成性别特异性激素。

Hypogonadism, or lower levels of sex hormones from low gonad activity, is central to a delay in puberty.

性腺功能减退，即由于性腺活性低下而导致的性激素水平不足，是青春期延迟的关键因素。

This is called hypergonadotropic (because the level of gonadotropins are high) hypogonadism (because the level of gonad or ovarian hormones is low).

由于促性腺激素水平高，而性腺或卵巢激素水平低，这被称为高促性腺激素型性腺功能减退症。

Some acquired causes of primary hypogonadism are radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and trauma to the gonads.

可引起原发性性腺功能减退症的获得性因素有放疗、化疗和性腺创伤。

I was also born with gonads instead of ovaries.

我也出时有性腺而不是卵巢。

We've got the gonads and all of those are secreting hormones.

我们有殖腺，它们都在分泌激素。

It must be their gonads and their pituitary and their hypothalamus.

必定是他们的性腺、脑下垂体和下丘脑在起作用。

No matter your gonads, no matter your identity, every single human being has to have an X chromosome, because without one, the rest of your body doesn't develop.

无论你的性腺如何， 无论你的身份如何，每个都必须有一条 X 染色体， 因为没有一条， 你身体的其他部分就无法发育。