Large lumbar disc herniation is the most common cause of cauda equina syndrome.

严重的腰椎间盘突出症是马尾综合征最常见的病因。

And that can lead to brain herniation.

这就会导致脑疝的发生。

ORAL STEROID MEDICATIONS Oral steroid medications can be very helpful in episodes of an acute disc herniation.

口服类物在治疗急性椎间盘突出过程中，口服类物非常有效。

And infratentorial herniations can compress the vital area in the brain stem that controls consciousness, respiration, and heart rate.

幕上脑疝可能压迫脑的供养动脉，造成脑缺梗死；枕骨大孔疝可能压迫脑干的生中枢，即控制意识、呼吸和心率的部位。

Depending on the size and location of the mass effect, there's a possibility of brain herniations.

占位效应的大小和类型决定了脑疝发生的可能性。

Just like in uncal herniation, Duret hemorrhages can be seen in central herniation.

Duret出样可见于中央型脑疝。

Finally, a cingulate herniation is often a forerunner of other types of supratentorial herniation.

最后，扣带回疝往往是其他类型幕上脑疝的先兆。

In upward herniation, there's a displacement of the cerebellum upward, through a notch in the tentorium cerebelli.

在小脑幕切迹上疝中，小脑经过小脑幕切迹向上疝出。

Now I'm going to talk about one of the most potent pathways to disc herniation.

现在，我将探讨导致椎间盘突出的最有力途径之一。

There are two types: upward herniation and tonsillar herniation.

其中包括两种类型：小脑幕切迹上疝、小脑扁桃体疝。

This pain could begin suddenly, usually with disc herniation, piriformis syndrome or trauma.

这种疼痛可能是突然发生的，通常伴有椎间盘突出、梨状肌综合征或外伤。

A bit of a long shot. What about a disk herniation?

太扯了。会不会是椎间盘突出？

But then they will say, no, this whole disc herniation story, it started with a deadlift.

但他们接着会说，不，这个椎间盘突出的故事，始于两年前的硬拉训练。

The most common signs of the tonsillar herniation are headache and neck stiffness.

扁桃体疝最常见的症状是头痛与颈项强直。

Urgent surgery is considered when a tumor causes signifcant edema or impending mass effect, with consequent hydrocephalus or herniation.

当肿瘤引起明显水肿或即将发生占位效应并导致脑积水或脑疝时，应考虑紧急手术。

Brain herniation typically results from increased intracranial pressure.

一般来说，脑疝的主要原因是颅内压增高。

Lumbar puncture is classified as a relative contraindication in individuals with suspected increased intracranial pressure due to possible herniations.

腰椎穿刺，对于疑似因脑疝引起颅内压增高的患者，是一种相对禁忌症。

Treatment of increased intracranial pressure and brain herniation is aimed at reducing the pressure within the skull.

颅内压增高和脑疝的治疗主要目的是降低颅内压。

If it was caused by disc herniation, trauma, tumors or abscess, the symptoms appeared suddenly, and surgical decompression should be performed within 48 hours.

如果是由椎间盘突出、外伤、肿瘤或脓肿引起，症状会突然出现；这种情况应于48小时内行手术减压。

In tonsillar herniation, parts of the cerebellum, called cerebellar tonsils, slip down through an opening in the skull called the foramen magnum.

在扁桃体疝中，小脑的一部分，即小脑扁桃体，经过枕骨大孔被挤压推出颅骨。