Just two or three carbon atoms, a hydroxyl group, and some hydrogens.

只有两个或三个碳原子、个羟基以及些氢原子。

Beta hydroxybutyric acid on the other hand, even though it's still one of the ketone bodies, isn't technically a ketoacid since its ketone group has been reduced to a hydroxyl group.

而β-羟基丁酸虽说也是酮体，但却不是酮酸，因为它的酮基团被还原成了羟基。

The researchers said, " Just like we see different colors from different materials, the infrared spectrometer can see many (infrared) colors to better determine the composition, including the water and hydroxyl."

研究人员说，就像我们看到不同材料有不同的颜，红外光谱仪可以看到许多(红外)颜，可以更好地确定其成分，包括水和羟基。

Carboxylic acids are a type of organic compound characterized by a carbon (C) atom doubly bonded to an oxygen (O) atom and singly bonded to a hydroxyl group (-OH) .

羧酸是种有机化合物，其特征是个碳（C）原子与个氧（O）原子双键结合，并与个羟基（-OH）单键结合。

Their experiments show that methanol, commonly known as wood alcohol, and hydroxyl react rapidly at –210 degrees Celsius to form methoxy, which has also been spotted in space.

他们的实验显示，甲醇（俗名木精）和羟基形成甲氧基的反应速度在零下 210 摄氏度时很快，而研究人员也在宇宙中发现了这过程。

Scientists would need to treat rock and soil with heat to extract water molecules and hydroxyl from them and turn it into liquid water, he said.

他说，学家需要理岩石和土壤，从中提取水分子和羟基，并将其转化为液态水。

Normally, dehydration would make tardigrade DNA susceptible to damage from chemicals called hydroxyl radicals, which form when water molecules split.

通常情况下，脱水会使缓步DNA容易受到种名为羟自由基的化学物质的伤害，这种物质在水分子分裂时形成。

The incorporation of Ascorbic acid with the enzyme, adds hydroxyl group on proline residue in collagen.

抗坏血酸与酶的结合，使胶原中的脯氨酸残基上增加了羟基。

Technically speaking, an alcohol is any compound that contains a hydrogen-oxygen pair, known as a hydroxyl group, that's bound to an atom of carbon that's saturated, meaning all of its electrons are bound to something else.

严格说来，含有氢氧化合物的东西都是酒精，也就是我们所熟知的氢氧基，粘着在饱和的碳原子上，也就是意味着所有的电子都粘着在另外的东西上。

The data showed the presence of molecules linked to water, as well as the substance hydroxyl.

数据显示，月球上存在与水有关的分子，以及物质羟基。

It reacts with HOPDMS in such a way that it breaks off a hydroxyl group from one end of each chain, so that two chains can join together!

它与 HOPDMS 产生反应，通过打断每个链接末尾的羟基组，使得两个链接可以结合在起！

Its molecules come in long chains, called polymers, and on each end there's a hydrogen-oxygen pair, called a hydroxyl group.

他的分子拥有很长的链叫做高分子聚合物，每个分子的末端都有个氢氧基对，叫做羟基组。

And what's left are molecules with four carbons, each of which is saturated, and attached to a hydroxyl group.

剩下的是含四个碳的分子，每个都是饱和的，依附在羟基上。

And it depends on where this hydroxyl group comes off of this.

这取决于这个羟基从哪个位置脱离。

If it's a six carbon chain with a carboxylic acid on it and an alcohol on one of the other carbons, our name has to do two things: identify that the hydroxyl group is there and identify where it is.

如果它是个六碳链， 上面有个羧酸， 另个碳上有个醇，我们的名字必须做两件事：确定羟基的存在并确定它的位置。

It is not that HIF1 alpha is being oxidized and thus destroyed rather the hydroxyl groups which are created by a reaction between HIF1 alpha and oxygen market for destruction by a cell's protein degrading machinery The practical upshot of all.

并不是HIF1α被氧化并因此被破坏，而是HIF1α与氧气反应生成的羟基标记了其会被细胞的蛋白质降解机器破坏。总之，实际的结果是这的。

And that's done, apparently the, nobody needs to know this, but just for fun stuff, the hydroxyproline helps stabilize the structure because of the hydrogen bonding with the hydroxyl molecules, which I found interesting.

就这了，显然，没有人需要知道这点，但只是为了好玩， 羟脯氨酸有助于稳定结构， 因为它与羟基分子形成氢键，我发现这很有趣。

If you were paying attention, you learned that alcohols are organic compounds with hydroxyl groups, if you dehydrogenate them, the hydroxyl converts to a carbonyl and they become dehydrogenated alcohols or aldehydes.

如果你注意听了，你应该知道醇是含有羟基的有机化合物， 如果你对其进行脱氢理， 羟基会转化为羰基， 从而变成脱氢醇或醛。

And the second thing it does is it targets the only oxidative-free radical that I think all of the science points to, which is hydroxyl radical, having no use in the body.

其二， 它针对的是唯个我认为所有学研究都指向的氧化自由基，即羟基自由基， 这种物质在体内并无实际途。

In 2008, the Moon Mineralogy Mapper or the M3 instrument aboard India's Chandrayaan 1 detected absorption features associated with hydroxyl or water-bearing molecules in the polar regions of the Moon.

2008年，搭载于印度“月船号”上的月球矿物绘图仪（M3）在月球极区探测到了与羟基或含水分子相关的吸收特征。