This can trigger tetany or the involuntary contraction of muscles, a classic symptom of hypocalcemia.

这会触发手足抽搐或肌肉非自主收缩，这是低钙症的典型症状。

Acute hypocalcemia should be treated promptly with intravenous calcium.

急性低钙症应及时静脉补钙治疗。

In hypocalcemia, the main goal is to normalize calcium levels using formulation like calcium gluconate, and if appropriate, vitamin D supplementation.

在低钙症的治疗中，主要目标是使钙水平正，如使用葡萄糖酸钙这类制剂，并在适当时补维生素D。

While chronic moderate hypocalcemia may be asymptomatic.

而慢性中度低钙症可能无症状。

The most common cause of hypocalcemia is PTH deficiency, resulting from decreased function of the parathyroid glands or hypoparathyroidism.

低钙症最见的原因是甲状旁腺功能降低或甲状旁腺功能低下引起的PTH缺乏。

Effects of hypocalcemia on cardiac function include long QT interval due to prolonged ST segment, congestive heart failure, and hypotension.

ST段延引起的QT间期延、性心力衰竭和低压。

Most symptoms of acute hypocalcemia can be attributed to the effect, it has on action potential generation in neurons.

急性低钙症的大多数症状可归因于其对神经元动作电位产生的影响。

This is therefore called false hypocalcemia or pseudohypocalcemia, since there's less overall calcium due to less bound calcium, but the free ionized calcium levels are still the same.

这就被称作假性低钙症，因为总钙减少是因为结合钙减少，但游离钙水平仍然不变。

The nurse can elicit Trousseau's sign by occluding the brachial or radial artery. Hand and finger spasms that occur during occlusion indicate Trousseau's sign and suggest hypocalcemia.

护士可以通过阻断肱动脉或桡动脉来引出特鲁索(氏)征。阻断期间手和手指痉挛则为特鲁索(氏)征并提示低钙症。

Other causes of hypocalcemia include low vitamin D intake or production, and excessive loss of calcium from the circulation such as in kidney diseases, tissue injuries, or gastrointestinal diseases.

低钙症的其他原因包括维生素D摄入或产生量低，以及循环系统中钙过度流失，如肾脏疾病、组织损伤或胃肠道疾病。

In addition to general symptoms like nausea and vomiting, another distinctive sign of acute pancreatitis is hypocalcemia, particularly when there is a lot of fat necrosis because that process tends to consume calcium.

除了恶心、呕吐等一般症状外，急性胰腺炎的另一个显着标志是低钙症，特别是当有很多脂肪坏死时，因为这一过程往往会消耗钙。

And so even though the total levels of calcium are the same, there's less ionized calcium which is the one that's important for cellular processes and can lead to symptoms of hypocalcemia.

因此，即使钙的总含量相同，游离钙减少了，它对细胞过程很重要，会产生低钙症的症状。

Also, low levels of vitamin D can also lead to hypocalcemia, and can be caused by a deficient diet, malabsorption, cirrhosis, a lack of sunlight, and chronic renal failure, just to name a few.

此外，维生素D含量过低也会导致低钙症，可能由饮食中的维生素D不足、吸收不良、肝硬、缺乏日照与慢性肾衰竭等所致。

Alright, as a quick recap, hypocalcemia describes a low concentration of free ionized calcium in the blood, which most commonly results from defective production of calcium controlling hormones, like parathyroid hormone and active vitamin D.

得！快速回顾一下：低钙症意味着液中游离离子钙的浓度低，最见的原因是钙调控激素如甲状旁腺激素和活性维生素D的生成出现问题。