The island is volcanic and had been thought to contain only igneous rocks.

岛由火山喷发形成，曾被认为只含火成岩。

It's an igneous rock, meaning it forms from cooling lava or magma.

它是一种火成岩，这意味着它是由冷却的熔岩或岩浆形成的。

At the surface, everything cooled really quickly to make these igneous rock formations called kimberlites, with diamonds hiding inside.

在地表，岩浆迅速冷却并形成名为金伯利岩的火成岩，钻石就藏匿其中。

The bad news is, we can't tell when, or where, something called a large igneous province (or LIP) could form.

坏消息是，我们不知道何时何地会形成一个作“大火成岩省”的东西。

Instead, Perseverance had discovered the igneous  rock, Olivine.

相反，毅力号发现了火成岩，橄榄石。

Basalt is a brownish rock of igneous origin.

玄武岩是一种火成岩成的褐色岩石。

What he believed to be igneous was, in fact, sedimentary.

他原以为那是火山物质 其实 是沉积物。

Or even re-melt and recrystallize to make new igneous rock.

甚至重新熔化并重结晶以制造 新的火成岩。

As such, the presence of igneous rock was  actually good news.

此，火成岩的存在实际上是个好消息。

Yeah. And speaking of volcanoes, man are they a violent igneous rock formation.

是啊 像火山一样 那些火山岩还真可怕。

Igneous rocks include things like this glacial erratic.

火成岩包括这种冰川不稳定的东西。

When magma cools and solidifies beneath the Earth's surface it forms intrusive igneous rock.

当岩浆在地球表面下冷却并凝固时， 它会形成侵入性火成岩。

And granite is an intrusive igneous rock.

花岗岩是一种侵入性火成岩。

As the magma moves towards the Earth’s surface, it crystallizes to form young, hot igneous rocks.

当岩浆向地球表面移动时，它会结晶形成年轻、炽热的火成岩。

Like igneous rocks could skip being sedimentary rocks and go directly to being a metamorphic rock.

就像火成岩可以跳过 沉积岩，直接变成变质岩。

When magma cools and solidifies beneath the Earth’s surface it forms intrusive igneous rock.

当岩浆在地球表面下冷却并凝固时， 它会形成侵入性火成岩。

Over an extensive area, the soil consisted of that igneous gravel called tuff, reddish in color as if made from crushed bricks.

土质在很长的空间上现出锗红色的凝灰岩，就像一层层的砖石构成的一样。

Igneous rock is usually very high in minerals – this is why the  areas around volcanoes are so fertile.

火成岩通常富含矿物质——这就是火山周围地区如此肥沃的原。

Igneous rocks, which form from magma (which is called lava when it erupts on the surface), aren't anything special in our solar system.

由岩浆（在地表喷发时称为熔岩）形成的火成岩在太阳系中并不特别。

We had a lot of debates early on before we landed, sedimentary or igneous formed by volcanoes or formed deposited by water or wind.

在我们着陆之前，我们有过很多争论，是由火山形成的沉积岩还是火成岩，还是由水或风形成的沉积岩。