A hundred years ago, there was no comprehensive data on economic activity, so there was no macroeconomics.

一百年前，我们还没有关于济活动的全面数据，所以也就没有济学。

It is a critical element of Keynesian macroeconomics.

它是凯恩斯宏观济学的一个重要组成部。

She has expertise in macroeconomics and the elements of unemployment.

她有宏观济学方面的专业知识及失业问题的验。

Specifically, all these complaints are about macroeconomics.

特别是，所有这些抱怨都是关于宏观济学的。

It's, it's kind of like the distinction in microeconomics and macroeconomics.

这，这有点像微观济学和宏观济学的区别。

If there is a central question in macroeconomics, this is it.

宏观济学有一个中心问题，这个问题就是。

The shortfalls are particularly glaring when it comes to modern macroeconomics.

这些缺陷在当代宏观济学中尤其明显。

These criticisms fail to distinguish between macroeconomics and microeconomics.

这些批评不能区宏观济学和微观济学。

Now when it comes to fields of study, macroeconomics is a relatively new subject.

在研究领域，宏观济学是一个相对较新的课题。

If economics was biology, macroeconomics would be ecology while microeconomics would be cell biology.

济学是生物学，那么宏观济将是生态学，而微观济学是细胞生物学。

Since macroeconomics is the one that's most often in the news, that's where we're gonna start.

因为宏观济学在新闻中常出现，所以我们从它讲起。

Because of their proximity to America's Great Lakes, their approach to macroeconomics came to be known as the “freshwater” school.

由于临近五大湖，他们的宏观济学策略，后来以“淡水”派而闻名。

It's, it's kind of like the distinction  in microeconomics and macroeconomics.

这有点像微观济学和宏观济学的区别。

CNBC’s Silvia Amaro  covers European politics and macroeconomics. If she’s not in London, you’re likely to find her in Brussels.

CNBC 的 Silvia Amaro 报道欧洲政治和宏观济。她不在伦敦，您很可能会在布鲁塞尔找到她。

So convert it into wizard money then convert it back into dollars, then factor in structural macroeconomics, bank loan fees, national fiscal polices...

所以折合成巫币，再折合成美元，再将结构型宏观、银行贷款费用、国家财政政策等等因素考虑。

Here's another example. It's, it's kind of like the distinction in microeconomics and macroeconomics. The distinction between, the difference between.

这是另一个例子。这有点像微观济学和宏观济学的区别。 之间的区别， 之间的区别。

When macroeconomics is used to make a political argument, this implies that the losses in one part of the country are offset by gains somewhere else.

当宏观济学被用来进行政治辩论时，明这个国家某一地区的损失和其它地方的收益中和了。

The scripts touch on all sorts of systemic forces, from the workers left out of the New Deal to the macroeconomics of the decline of the middle class.

剧本触及了各种各样的系统性量，从被新政排除在外的工人，到中产阶级衰落的宏观济情况。

For Josh Ryan-Collins, head of finance and macroeconomics at UCL's Institute for Innovation and Public Purpose, a solution to low income, inflation and the environmental crisis, is to de-carbonise the economy.

伦敦大学学院创新和公共目的研究所金融和宏观济学负责人乔希·瑞安-柯林斯（音译）认为，低收入、通胀和环境危机的解决方案是让济去碳化。

The MONIAC was built shortly after the Second World War by a New Zealand economist called Bill Phillips, who was very famous for an idea called the Phillips curve, which is possibly the most cited idea in macroeconomics.

MONIAC 是由新西兰济学家比尔·菲利普斯（Bill Phillips）在第二次世界大战后不久建立的，他因菲利普斯曲线的想法而闻名，这可能是宏观济学中被引用最多的想法。