The mast cells, aren't considered PMNs because their nucleus is round.

肥大认为是PMNs，由于其核呈圆形。

Finally, there are the mast cells which are also non-phagocytic and they're involved in asthma and allergic responses.

最后，还有肥大，它们也没有吞噬作用，还参与了哮喘和过敏反应。

If there are symptoms, antihistamine medications can be used to suppress the effect of mast cell degranulation.

如果出现相应的临床症状，抗组胺药可以用来抑制肥大的脱颗粒效应。

The food proteins get noticed by IgE, which activates the mast cells.

食物中的蛋白质会 IgE 注意到，从而激活肥大。

Well, it could be mast cell leukemia.

也可能是肥大白血。

The IgE-primed mast cells release their histamine, which causes nearby capillaries to dilate - flooding the facial tissues with fluid.

致敏肥大释放的组胺通过增加周围毛血管的渗透性，最终导致面部组织的充血水肿。

We also know that, for example, dogs with short hair can be more prone to developing something called a mast cell tumor.

我们还知道，例如，毛发短的狗可能更容易患肥大肿瘤。

Because the eyes and nose are portals of entry for infections, there are lots of mast cells around those areas for extra protection.

由于眼睛和鼻子是外来性感染侵入机体的主要通道，肥大在这些区域大量聚集来加强防护。

It's believed that these rashes appear due to a release of histamine from immune cells in the skin called mast cells.

据信，这些皮疹的出现是由于释放组胺所致在皮肤中称为肥大。

First they activate a part of the immune system called a mast cell, which then expels a lot of chemicals, like histamines.

首先，它们激活称为肥大的系统的一部分， 然后排出大量化学物质，如组胺。

For example, IL-4 leads the production of IgE antibodies which coat mast cells and stimulate them to release granules containing things like histamines, leukotrienes and prostaglandins.

例如，IL-4导致了IgE抗体的产生，覆盖在肥大表面，并刺激它们释放含有像组胺、白三烯和前列腺素等物质的颗粒。

The histamine causes blood capillaries to dilate and become leaky which brings more fluid and immune cells to the area where the mast cells are located.

组胺能使毛血管的通透性增加，进而促进更多的体液和渗漏到肥大所在处。

Those IgE antibodies get released into the bloodstream and bind to mast cells, which are immune cells in the tissue that carry within themselves a load histamine.

IgE型抗体在释放入血后，与组织中的肥大相结合，而这些肥大储存着大量的生物活性物质组胺。

Those cytokines start the inflammatory process by making blood vessels leaky and attracting nearby eosinophils, basophils, and mast cells, which release their own cytokines and granules amplifying the inflammation.

这些因子将启动炎症过程：通过使血管渗漏并吸引附近的嗜酸性粒、嗜碱性粒和肥大；这些集结的释放各自的因子和颗粒，放大炎症反应。

In tissues like the gut, the skin, and the respiratory system, the antibody called immunoglobulin E, or IgE, binds to white blood cells called mast cells.

在肠道、皮肤和呼吸系统等组织中，称为球蛋白 E 或 IgE 的抗体与称为肥大的白结合。

Once bound by IgE the mast cells are " primed" , meaning if pollen enters the body again in the future, those mast cells degranulate and release their histamine into the local tissue.

肥大与IgE型抗体结合后进入致敏状态，当花粉再次侵入机体时，肥大将脱颗粒并将组胺释放到周围组织。

Airborne allergens like pollen, dust, animal hair, or mold spores cause mast cells in the tissues to release histamine, causing the eyes and nose to become inflamed and watery.

花粉、尘土、动物毛发、霉菌孢子等空气传播的过敏原通过促进组织中的肥大释放组胺，最终导致眼睛和鼻子的炎症和水肿。

Last year, the FDA approved Rydapt, a mast cell disorder and leukemia drug, and the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services approved limited reimbursements for its rare-blood-cancer drug, Kymriah, which runs $475,000 for a course of a treatment.

去年，FDA批准了Rydapt这种治疗肥大紊乱和白血的药物，医疗保险和医疗补助服务中心也批准了对其罕见血癌药物Kymriah发放一定补助的申请，而这种药物一个疗程的费用就高达47.5万美元。