Certain genes can be switched off to prevent melanocytes from maturing.

某些基因可以被关闭以防止胞成熟。

First, they thought it could be the immune system attacking the melanocyte stem cell population.

他们一开始认为可能是免疫系统攻击色胞干胞群。

The melanocytes make the pigment, which is then packed into small packets of pigment called melanosomes.

胞制造色，然后将其包装成称为体小包色。

Melanocytes associated with the hair root will deposit melanin to the cells that compose our hair.

与发根相关色胞会将色沉积到构成我们头发胞中。

The chemical then flowed through the stem cells up into the hair follicles -- where melanocytes are kept.

然后，这种化学质会流过干胞，流至头发皮囊--生色胞就得以保留。

If that damage is severe enough, the cells mutations can lead to melanoma, a deadly cancer that forms in the skin's melanocytes.

当DNA受到严重破坏时，会使胞突变导致色瘤，一种由色胞形成致命癌症。

The research focused on cells in the skin of mice and also found in humans called melanocyte stem cells, or McSCs.

这项研究重点关注小鼠皮肤中胞，也在人类中发现了称为色干胞（McSC）胞。

How long your melanocytes last—and therefore when you “go gray”—is mostly determined by your genetics.

胞能持续多久——以及何时“变白” ——主要取决于基因。

Each hair gets its color from melanin, a pigment made by specialized cells called melanocytes in hair follicles.

每根头发颜色都来自色， 色是一种由毛囊中称为胞特殊胞制成色。

And it doesn’t affect melanocytes, so for young people, the hair that falls out grows back its normal color.

而且它不会影响色胞， 因此对于年轻人来说， 掉落头发会重新长出正常颜色。

Coat colour, an important consideration for many owners, is easily dealt with by picking the right pattern of melanocyte cells in the skin.

许多宠主人都比较在意动皮毛颜色，要打印出不同颜色只需要在皮肤中选取合适色胞排列形式就能轻松实现。

They recruited a paleoartist to construct a life-size color model of Psittacosaurus, using careful measurements of the fossilized body and pattern of melanocytes.

他们招募了一位古生学家，通过仔测量化石化身体和色胞模式，构建了真人大小鹦鹉嘴龙彩色模型。

Just like forest-dwellers today, the countershading pattern produced by the dinosaur’s melanocytes was probably subtle, switching from dark to light fairly low on its body.

就像今天森林居民一样，恐龙色胞产生反阴影图案可能很微妙， 在其身体相当低地方从暗色切换到亮色。

A senior investigator on the study, Mayumi Ito, said: " It is the loss of chameleon-like function in melanocyte stem cells that may be responsible for greying and loss of hair colour."

该研究高级研究员伊藤真由美（音译）表示：“色干胞变色功能丧失可能是导致头发变白和褪色原因。”

When scientists looked at tiny zebras fetuses as they developed, they observed that genes related to melanin production were selectively switched off in those areas destined to become white stripes, especially those involved in melanocytes maturing.

当科学家们观察发育过程中小斑马胎儿时，他们观察到与色产生相关基因在那些注定会变成白色条纹区域被选择性地关闭，尤其是那些参与色胞成熟区域。