First, they thought it could be the immune system attacking the melanocyte stem cell population.

他们一开始认为可能是免疫系统攻击黑胞干胞群。

The melanocytes make the pigment, which is then packed into small packets of pigment called melanosomes.

黑胞制造，然后将其包装成称为黑体的小包。

Melanocytes associated with the hair root will deposit melanin to the cells that compose our hair.

与发根相的黑胞会将黑沉积到构成我们头发的胞中。

Certain genes can be switched off to prevent melanocytes from maturing.

某些基因可以被闭以防止黑胞成熟。

The chemical then flowed through the stem cells up into the hair follicles -- where melanocytes are kept.

然后，这种化学物质会流过干胞，流至头发的皮囊--生黑胞就得以保留。

The research focused on cells in the skin of mice and also found in humans called melanocyte stem cells, or McSCs.

这项研究重小鼠皮肤中的胞，也在人类中发现了称为黑干胞（McSC）的胞。

How long your melanocytes last—and therefore when you “go gray”—is mostly determined by your genetics.

你的黑胞能存活多久——因此你什么时候“变灰” ——主要由遗传因决定。

Hair color comes from melanin, a pigment made by special cells called melanocytes.

发源自黑，这种由名为黑胞的特殊胞生成。

If that damage is severe enough, the cells mutations can lead to melanoma, a deadly cancer that forms in the skin's melanocytes.

当DNA受到严重破坏时，会使胞突变导致黑瘤，一种由黑胞形成的致命癌症。

Each hair gets its color from melanin, a pigment made by specialized cells called melanocytes in hair follicles.

每根头发的颜都来自黑， 这是一种由毛囊中专门的胞——黑胞制造的。

And it doesn’t affect melanocytes, so for young people, the hair that falls out grows back its normal color.

而且它不会影响黑胞， 因此对于年轻人来说， 掉下来的头发会长出原来的颜。

Coat colour, an important consideration for many owners, is easily dealt with by picking the right pattern of melanocyte cells in the skin.

许多宠物的主人都比较在意动物皮毛的颜，要打印出不同的颜只需要在皮肤中选取合适的黑胞排列形式就能轻松实现。

At the base of the epidermis are the melanocytes, and those are the pigment-producing cells, the cells that give your skin its color.

在表皮的基部是黑胞，这些胞负责产生，赋予皮肤颜。

They recruited a paleoartist to construct a life-size color model of Psittacosaurus, using careful measurements of the fossilized body and pattern of melanocytes.

他们招募了一名古生物艺术家，根据化石身体和黑胞模式的精确测量，制作了一个等比例的鹦鹉嘴龙彩模型。

Just like forest-dwellers today, the countershading pattern produced by the dinosaur’s melanocytes was probably subtle, switching from dark to light fairly low on its body.

就像今天的森林居民一样，由恐龙黑体产生的反阴影伪装模式可能很微妙， 在其身体较低部位从深逐渐过渡到浅。

So it's thought that the stress, that stress causes oxidative damage, which may cause damage to the melanocytes and may cause us to grow gray earlier.

因此人们认为压力会导致氧化损伤，这可能会损害黑胞， 并可能导致我们更早变白。

A senior investigator on the study, Mayumi Ito, said: " It is the loss of chameleon-like function in melanocyte stem cells that may be responsible for greying and loss of hair colour."

该研究的高级研究员伊藤真由美（音译）表示：“黑干胞变功能的丧失可能是导致头发变白和褪的原因。”

When scientists looked at tiny zebras fetuses as they developed, they observed that genes related to melanin production were selectively switched off in those areas destined to become white stripes, especially those involved in melanocytes maturing.

当科学家们观察发育过程中的小斑马胎儿时，他们观察到与黑产生相的基因在那些定会变成白条纹的区域被选择性地闭，尤其是那些参与黑胞成熟的区域。

During pregnancy, all the hormones can make it so that melanocytes come to the surface, not only in that linea nigra, but you can notice darker areas in your skin and your face and other places.

怀孕期间，激的变化会使黑胞更加活跃，不仅会在妊娠中线处显现，还可能导致皮肤、面部和其他部位变得更深。

But as we age, there's declining levels of catalase, and this allows the build-up of hydrogen peroxide in the hair bulb, which damages and destroys the melanocytes, or the pigment producing cells, of our hair.

但随着年龄的增长，过氧化氢酶的水平会下降，这使得氢过氧化物在毛囊中积累，从而损害并破坏产生的黑胞。